The scientific name Chilo sacchariphagus Bojer is a proceras venosatum (Walker) belonging to the order Lepidoptera, Gnatidae. Also known as sorghum and sugar cane. Distributed in the Northeast, North China, East China, South China and other provinces.
Host sorghum, corn, sugarcane, millet, and hemp.
The damage is mainly characterized by damage to the sorghum and corn in the north, and damage to the stalks of sorghum by larvae. The affected stalks are susceptible to wind failure and affect yield and quality. In sugar cane growing areas such as Guangdong, Guangxi, and Taiwan, the main damage is sugarcane.
Morphological characteristics Adult body length 10-14mm, wings 24-34mm, male moth light gray and yellow. The back of the head and chest is light yellow, and the lower lip must protrude forward and long. Compound eye dark black. The forewings are yellowish gray, with 1 small black spot in the center, and the outer edge is slightly in a straight line. There are 7 small black spots in the center, more than 20 dark brown vertical lines in the wing mask, and the hind wings are light in color. The female moth is nearly white. Abdomen, yellow and white foot. The vertical stripes on the front wings of the strips are deep, and the outer corners and hip angles of the outer edges of the fore wings are appropriate, and the body size is slightly larger than the millet gray. Oval flat oval, the surface with a turtle-shaped pattern, the size of 1.50.9 (mm), often arranged in "human" shape double row overlapping egg pieces, different from corn mash and millet ash. The egg mass consists of a few grains or dozens of eggs. The colostrum is white and dark yellow afterwards. The last instar larvae have a body length of 20-30 mm, a white colostrum, and a pale reddish-brown spot that becomes striped, and then turns pale yellow. The insects are divided into summer and winter types. The abdomen of the former had four dark brown spots on the back of each section, with bristles arranged in a square. The first two spots were oval and the latter two were nearly rectangular. The winter-type larvae were peeled 1 time before winter, and the dark brown spots disappeared after peeling. There were 4 purple-brown vertical lines on the back of the body and the ventral surface was pure white. Red, brown to dark brown, with 2 projections at the ventral end and 2 stings on each projection. The sacrococcyx is more blunt than corn cocoons.
Life habits in southern Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, 2 generations in the north, Jiangxi 4th generation, Guangdong, Taiwan 4-5 generations, all in the last instar larvae in sorghum, corn or sugar cane straw winter, individual in the corn cob Wintering. Northern overwintering larvae begin to phlegm in the middle and late May, 10 to 15 days in the flood season, and later in the period from late May to early June. The overwintering larvae in Anhui Huaibei began to phlegm in early May, entered the midst of phlegm in mid-May, and emerged from late May to early June. In late April in Jiangxi, feathering and Shantou, Guangdong feathered from mid-March to late April. Adults like to be active at night and live in the back of the stems and leaves of the host near the ground during the day. They like to lay their eggs on the base of the dorsal roots to the middle, and some of them are produced on the front or on the stalks. Each female lays 24-459 eggs, usually 200-250. Grain and egg period 5-7 days, Hebei, Anhui Huaibei generation egg production in the spring sorghum, corn leaves, the first generation of larvae appeared in the middle and late June and damage the heart. The first-generation adults prospered from late July to early August and entered the second generation of eggs in mid-August. The second-generation larvae damaged summer maize and summer sorghum spikes in the middle-late August, and some remained in the stalks. . The adult insects are nocturnal, have a certain phototaxis, 2-3 days after emergence, spawning, the newly hatched larvae lively and sensitive, crawling fast, hi clustered in the heart leaves foraging leaves, leaving the epidermis, visible when the leaves out Reticulate small spots or many irregular holes, but not row holes, larvae developed in the heart to 3rd instar, not to wait for the host tasseling or heading, they cut into the stem from the section of the middle sheath, unlike the corn borer. In case of wind, the victim was cut off like a knife. There are often several larvae in the same culm in the affected culm. The number of larvae differs greatly, with only 4 instars and more than 9 instars, and usually more than 6-7 larvae. In the case of overwintering larvae on the production base, the wintering mortality rate was low, and when the rain was heavy and the humidity was high, the first generation was heavy. The main natural enemies are Trichogramma, black egg bee, T. velutipes, and rice blast. The parasitism rates of T. trichoplusa on the second generation eggs were high.
Control methods (1) Agricultural control. The stalks can be processed in time, and the stalks can be crushed, burned, pounded, smashed, and mud sealed in combination with different uses. The overwintering host can be thoroughly processed to reduce the source of insects. (2) In the spring sowing of sorghum or corn leaf stage, when the first generation of barnyardgrass is controlled, 1% 1605 granules are used and the amount is 1g per plant. Can also be used 50% 1605 EC 500ml plus appropriate amount of water and 25kg sieved cinder particles and mix to make granules, the amount of 28 per plant. (3) The sugarcane field can be sprayed with 50% of agaricidal oil 1000 times. Sorghum is very sensitive to insecticides such as trichlorfon and dichlorvos and should not be used in production to avoid phytotoxicity. (4) Apply Trichogramma for biological control. For concrete practices, see corn sorghum. Sorghum is sensitive to pesticides such as trichlorfon, dichlorvos, phoxim, phosphoamine, carrageenan, and chlorfenone, and is prone to phytotoxicity. Special attention should be paid to production.
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