Peanut mid-term management technology

Peanut mid-season growth refers to the flowering period and pre-sagging period during the peanut growth period, when the reproductive growth and vegetative growth go hand in hand, that is, the growth and flowering of the peanut's stems and leaves, and the results at the same time. This period is the fastest growing period in the whole growth period of peanuts. At the same time, it is also the period when peanuts need water and fertilizer. The field management at this stage depends on the days, places and conditions. The key point of the mid-term management is to promote the growth of stems and leaves of peanut plants through the application of fertilizer and water, growth regulation, pest control, etc., to promote flowering of plants, and to control plant growth in high-yielding fields through the use of paclobutrazol and other growth regulators; Pesticide protection leaves.

First, watering. The flowering to pod stage is the period when peanuts need the most water, especially peanuts are often planted on sandy soils with poor water retention properties, and generally need to be watered 1-2 times. When the noon leaves appear wilting white, and can still recover after sunset, it should be immediately appropriate amount of water, should take a small gutter irrigation method, increase soil moisture, avoid flooding to avoid causing soil compaction. Reasonable top dressing. If watering leaves pale yellow chlorosis, can be applied 5 kg of urea per acre, superphosphate 1-15 kg, potassium sulfate 5-7.5 kg, if the leaves are too thick and then not topdressing nitrogen fertilizer. In addition, foliar spraying of boron, molybdenum, zinc and other fertilizers during the flowering needle phase has a good effect of increasing yield. The spraying concentration of trace fertilizer was 0.2-0.3% for borax, 0.1% for ammonium molybdate and 0.2% for zinc sulfate. Spraying can be sprayed or mixed as required, usually two times.

Second, a reasonable fertilizer. For soils with low fertility and insufficient basal fertility, wheat cultivars, and post-maize direct seeding peanut fields, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers should be applied in combination with watering, and boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, and iron fertilizer should be applied to the leaves. The heavy plutonium block is supplemented with 25-50 kg of gypsum calcium fertilizer.

Fertilizer amount: First, foliar spray fertilizer, can spray 1-2% of urea solution, or 0.2-0.4% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, boron-deficient land should be sprayed with 0.2-0.3% borax aqueous solution, or 0.02 % of ammonium molybdate solution. The second is to topdressing with watering (urea 10 kg, phosphoric acid diamine kg).

Third, strengthen soil management.

1. The cultivator loose soil. At the end of the flowering needles, the group of plants approached the seal line, and a large number of fruit needles were soiled before being cultivated, and the cultivars should be deeply smashed, smashed, and thoroughly eradicated. Pay attention to whether you need to loosen your soil and squeegee.

2. Earth-needling needle. Peanut soil has the function of increasing temperature, preventing flooding, promoting the development of fruit acupuncture, soil pod formation and pod development, and should be intensively cultivated before the plant is sealed and a large number of fruit needles are inserted into the soil. The soil between ridge rows should be cultivated to the ridge to shorten the height. The distance from the fruit-needle abutment to the fruit-seeds will increase the number of fruit needles within the solid-bearing range, and increase the seed-setting rate and fruit-filling rate.

Earthing and fruit picking time: Peanut soil is selected when the sunny conditions are suitable. Generally, it is carried out in two stages. The first soil is planted in the flowering stage of each plant. Before the group plant is ridged and enclosed, the last cultivator is carried out and the soil height is 5-7 cm. It is limited to not burying branches, and reaches Tisong ridge fat; the second earthing is carried out 10 days after the first earthing, and the height of earth is 8-12 cm. Immature soil will affect the birth and flowering of needles at the base of stems too soon, too late due to the closure of peanut groups and a large number of fruit needles and soil are inconvenient for cultivating, and easy to loosen the soil and fruit needles.

Fourth, there are signs of longevity of high-yield fields spraying 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder, 50 grams per acre 50 kg of water. Note that the amount should not be too large or repeated spraying, so as not to cause premature aging and reduce production.

Fifth, pest and disease control. Peanut leaf spot has a great impact on peanut production, especially in early-stage crops. High-yield fields pay special attention to prevention and control. During the period of disease prevention, 30 days after flowering, bactericides such as carbendazim and chlorothalonil were used for prevention. Generally, spraying once every 10-15 days, spraying 2-3 times, could increase production by more than 5%.

In this period, attention is paid to the prevention and control of aphids, cotton bollworms, and cockroaches. From the beginning of the flowering period to the cold and dry weather of a single flowering plant, locusts are prone to occur; in case of high temperature and humidity, the second and third generations of cotton bollworms are prone to occur; in the late stage of flowering, the gold turtles lay eggs to hatch, and the larvae enter the soil to bite peanuts. Root and fruit. To this end, we must carefully observe the use of contact-killing or stomach-toxic pesticides in a timely manner to preserve the fruit.


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