Mustard cultivation techniques

Leek still has two production methods of collecting wild and artificial cultivation. Artificial cultivation of open cultivation and protected cultivation. The open cultivation can be carried out in the spring and autumn seasons in the Yangtze River and Huang-Huai areas, and is generally based on autumn sowing. Seeds can be sown from late July to October. The harvest is completed from mid-September to March of the following year. However, the output sown in August is the highest. Premature sowing, hot and dry weather, heavy rainstorms, and difficulties in seedling emergence, should be covered with shade nets. Late sowing, seedlings 2 to 3 true leaves when the cold, vulnerable to frost damage. Spring sowing can be cultivated in solar greenhouses or plastic greenhouses, and it is an efficient cultivation method. 1. Site preparation. Leek cultivation should choose land with fertile land and few weeds. Plowing the land should not be too deep. The sorghum must be flat and fine. The soil blocks should not be too thick to prevent the seed from leaking into the depths and from seedlings. 2. sowing. The spring planting is planted from late February to late April, and planted in summer from early July to late August and planted in the fall from early September to early October. Seeding rate of spring 0.75 to 1 kg per mu, summer sowing 1.5 to 2 kg per mu, autumn sowing 1 to 1.5 kg per mu. Before sowing, seeds and dry fine soil mix 2 to 3 times, mainly to spread, and strive to uniform. After sowing, gently step on the surface with your feet, so that the seeds are in close contact with the soil and the water is poured. Spring and autumn sowing are covered with mulch, and summer sowing is covered with shade nets to facilitate neat seedlings. After emergence, the mulch or shade nets will be removed to keep the surface moist and promote growth. 3. Field management Rational fertilization. The seedlings usually emerge in 3 to 4 days after the autumn sowing, and the seedlings will emerge in 6 to 15 days in the spring sowing. When the seedlings have 2 true leaves, the first topdressing is performed with 0.3% urea solution per acre and 1000 kg, and the first 2 topdressings are conducted 7 to 10 days before harvest, and once after each harvest. Timely watering. The leek seeds are small, vulnerable to the influence of soil moisture, watering moisturizing before emergence, watering time is appropriate for morning and evening. To master the principle of pouring and pouring, do not drench it once. Timely weeding. Leek plants are dwarf, usually sowing, and weeds and amaranth are mixed and weeding is more difficult and time-consuming. Weaving should be combined with harvesting to remove weeds. Pest control. Downy mildew and aphids are the main diseases and pests of leeks, and comprehensive prevention and control should be adopted. The first is to clear the ravine, prevent the accumulation of water in the field, remove weeds in a timely manner, so that the plants ventilation and light; the second is to use 75% chlorothalonil 600 times or 72% Kelu 600 to 800 times the liquid, spray control of downy mildew . Aphid control available imidacloprid or chrysanthemum pesticides. 4. Harvested. The leeks are harvested in batches, and each picking should be kept large and small, leaving the plants uniform and appropriate. Early autumn sowing leek, true leaves 10 to 13 pieces of harvest, after sowing 30 to 35 days harvest, after the harvest in stages 4 to 5 times, to the end of March the following year, the total output of 2500 to 3000 kilograms per mu. The autumn leeks planted in early October take 45-60 days to begin harvesting. The leeks sown in late February were harvested and marketed in early April. Spring sowing is generally harvested 1 or 2 times, and the mu yield is about 1000 kg. 5. Keep seed. The cultivation of leeks needs to be established separately to leave the cultivation of the fields, and the land to be cultivated in the field should be selected to have high dryness, good drainage, and moderate fertility. Remaining fields are generally sown from late September to early October. Seeds weighing about 1 kilogram are sown and diluted. A strain was selected in mid-February to remove fine, weak and miscellaneous strains that did not conform to the characteristics of the variety, maintain a spacing of 12 cm square, and top-dressing once. Moss sprouted in late March. It bloomed in late April and harvested in early May. Timely harvesting is the key to the retention of leeks. When the seedlings grow from green to yellow, they must be harvested before 10 o'clock on the sunny day and sunned for 1 hour in the field. Then they should use the film or sheets to spread the seeds in the fields, and then they should pick out the seeds and dry them. Avoid exposure, about 50 kg per mu harvest. Seeds orange, bright color, use life of 2 to 3 years. China Agricultural Network Editor

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