Cucumber grafting new technology

First, the main characteristics of grafted cucumber Grafted cucumber cultivation, in addition to the blight to eliminate the harm, but also help prevent and control diseases, while using wild black seed pumpkin as rootstock, root system developed, highly resistant, is conducive to the absorption of nutrients in the soil and Water, strong growth, grafting is also conducive to ensure the stability of cucumber production, high yield. Second, cucumber grafting the main technical points 1, the determination of grafting methods. Grafting cucumbers first has an ideal rootstock. The wild black-skinned squash is one, accounting for 80% of our current cucumber grafted rootstocks. There are also a variety of grafting methods, such as oblique plugging, plugging, picking, and picking. . The following focuses on the survival rate is relatively high, the operation is relatively simple method of connection. 2, soaking germination. Black seed pumpkin seeds dormant for about 120 days, so the seeds produced during the year have low germination rate and budding is not neat. It is best to use seeds that are separated by one year. Black seed pumpkin seed germinates at a higher temperature, usually soaking the seeds 8 times. Hours, then germination under 30C-33C conditions. The germination can be done in 24 hours, and all plants can be sown in 36 hours. The soaking and germination of cucumber seeds is carried out according to conventional methods. 3, sowing. The seeding period is determined by the length of seedlings and the duration of planting. Greenhouse cucumbers must be cultivated from late November to early January. The greenhouse cucumbers should be raised in mid-February. Cucumber seeds should be sown 3 to 4 days earlier than black-seeded squash. After the emergence of the pumpkins, the water should be properly controlled to prevent leggy growth. 4, grafting method. Cucumber seedlings are grown for about 15 days. When they reach a half of a true leaf, they are grafted. The first step is to use a bamboo pick to dig out the growth points of the pumpkin seedlings, and then use a razor blade to incline downwards about 1.5 cm from the cotyledon of the pumpkin seedlings. About 35-degree mouth, mouth depth is about two-thirds of stem diameter, and then the upper part of the cucumber from the cotyledon about 15 centimeters with a blade, a diagonal cut of about 35 degrees, the depth is about two-thirds of the stem diameter . After the two melon seedlings were cut, the cuts of the cucumber seedlings and the black seed pumpkin seedlings were aligned, and the stems of the cucumber seedlings were inserted at the bottom so that no gap was left in the incisions. Then fix it with plastic clips. 5. Management after grafting. Afterwards, the seedlings shall be placed in a nutrient bowl or a plastic nutrition bag. The buried soil shall be placed in the seedbed with the pumpkin root as the standard. The temperature and humidity management after grafting is very important for the rapid healing of wounds. Grafting seedlings should be buckled with a small shed to ensure proper temperature and humidity. During the day, they should be kept between 23C and 30C and kept at 15C-20C during the night. Achieve 23C-28C. Within three days after grafting, grass pods should be covered on the shed film to prevent shading and wilting of seedlings caused by direct sunlight. After two or three days, we gradually unrolled the grass seedlings, lengthened the illumination time, and at the same time, we should provide proper ventilation. Spray water once a day with a sprayer at noon. To make the air humidity more than 90% is conducive to healing and slow seedlings until the seedlings stop spraying and shading when they are not wilting after seeing light. 6, cut off the root. When the seedlings grow to two leaves and one heart, they will cut the cucumber seedling stems below the joints with a blade 10-13 days after grafting, and move the seedlings according to the specific conditions. 7. When the grafted seedlings are sprayed for about 15 days, an chlorothalonil 500 to 800 times solution is used to prevent and control downy mildew at the same time, and the fixation clips are removed. 8, colonization. Grafting seedlings grow to 4-5 leaves, that is, seedling age of about 50 days can be planted, apply sufficient organic fertilizer before Dingmiao, paved the mulch, when planting soil depth can not exceed the grafted joint, otherwise cucumber stems come into contact with the soil will produce Adventitious roots will also give the chance of wilt infection. 9. Analysis of grafting costs and benefits. Taking mu as the unit of calculation, grafted cucumbers use 2.5 kg of black seed pumpkin seeds, discounted 50 yuan, 3,500 grafts, 8 man-hours of grafting, equivalent to 60 yuan, and a total investment of 110 yuan. If blighting does not occur after grafting, Calculated according to the incidence rate of 10%, that is, the loss of 700 yuan for 350 plants, each calculated according to 2 yuan output value, according to the incidence of 20% of the loss of 1,400 yuan, so the economic benefits of grafting is very significant. China Agricultural Network Editor

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