The tiger frog belongs to the amphibians, anarches, frogs, and tiger frogs and is a national second-class protected animal. The optimum growth temperature is 22°C-28°C, and when the temperature is below 4°C or 35°C, it is easy to cause death. When the temperature is lower than 12°C, the food starts to hibernate, and when the temperature rises to 16°C in the spring, hibernation ends. In the past 6 months (May-October), it can grow to about 150g. The nutrition and meat quality of Rana tigrina can be comparable to those of wild spiny-brained frogs. The number of wild spiny-breasted frogs is relatively small and artificial breeding is difficult. Only Rana tigrina can be substituted.
First, site selection
1. Site selection: should choose quiet, convenient drainage, water pollution, and easy management, with an area of ​​20 square meters is preferred.
2. Overwintering pond: The water retention during construction must be better, otherwise the drought water level in winter will be low and the pool water will dry up, causing tiger frogs to die in large numbers due to lack of water or frost damage. It is better to build insulation sheds in northern Chongqing, but it is not necessary to warm them up. It is best to use concrete pools, depth requirements above 1.5m, water level is maintained at about 1m, a rest platform with a total area of ​​about l/4 is built in the middle of the pool, or another simple floating platform that floats on the water surface. The bottom of the pool should be equipped with hidden facilities, such as straw, rubble, bamboo, etc., for tiger frogs to avoid and hibernate.
3. Spawning ponds and hatching ponds: The area is preferably 2 square meters, so that fewer groups of pro-frogs can be placed in order to avoid interference with each other. The pro-frogs can catch hatching ponds after catching eggs. The pool depth is about 1.5m, and the water level can be adjusted according to the demand, ie 0.2-1m. It is better to build concrete pools. If earthen ponds are built, the surrounding and bottom should be sealed with plastic film. The pool should be kept clean and free of any pollution. At the same time, it should be kept quiet, otherwise it will affect the pro-frog spawning and hatching of fertilized eggs.
4. Dianchi Lake and Perverted Pool: The use of ladder-type or slope-type, with a height drop of about 0.2m-0.3m, will gradually reduce the water level as the pupa changes, and landfalls some of the land for the perverted young frogs to inhabit.
5. Young frogs and adult frog breeding ponds: Cement pools can be built under certain conditions. If earthen ponds are used, the pool walls should be lined with a layer of plastic film. The end of the pool is slightly higher than the other end, facilitating drainage and cleaning. The higher end of the frog can be used as a bait station when it is not flooded. The depth of the pool is about 0.5m, but there must be a wall or fence with a height of 1m around it. The fence should be tilted slightly to prevent escape.
Second, the breeding method
1. The cultivation of pro-frogs: After a hibernation, until the beginning of spring, that is, in early April, when the temperature rises above 16°C, the pro-frogs will begin to feed. At this time, fresh fish bait, fly pupae, etc. shall be fed to make the frogs close. Quickly restore physical fitness to facilitate reproduction and hatching in the next phase.
2. Breeding and hatching: Breeding and hatching techniques are the key technologies for tiger frog breeding. When the water temperature rises above 16°C, prepare before breeding. That is, spawning ponds and hatching ponds are to be disinfected, and then injected. Clear water, and finally adjust the water temperature by adjusting the water level and light. After everything is ready, the frogs can be removed from the wintering pond. After removal, they are bathed with 5 mg/L potassium permanganate for 5 minutes and then transferred to the spawning pool. The water level of the spawning pool is kept at 0.2m and the water temperature is above 20°C. Normally, the pro-frogs can spawn a day after entering the spawning pool for 2 days. If the pro-family has good maturation and the temperature is high, it is usually 2 to 16 hours after the pro-frogs enter the spawning pool. The spawning pool should be observed after 8:00 am every day. When the eggs are fully swelled, they should be removed and transferred to the hatching pond. When fertilized eggs hatch, the optimum temperature is 25°C. At the same time, there must be sufficient oxygen. It is best to let the fertilized eggs float in water when they hatch. If they sink to the bottom, the fertilized eggs should be moved so as not to stick to the bottom of the pool, resulting in fertilization at the bottom. Hypoxia affects the hatching rate.
3. Feeding Techniques: The key technology for quail breeding is quail feeding. The bait is high quality and diverse. The amount of bait increased with the increase of day-old age, feeding twice a day. The zooplankton and yolk were mainly cultured in the early stage, and mainly in the middle and late stages. The newly metamorphosed frogs do not have enough vision and smell to adapt to the terrestrial life. At this time, live baits such as cockroaches and maggots should be given. After 5 days and 7 days, gradually chopped fish, quail meat, and snail meat are fed. Wait, then slowly add frog material, and finally completely transition to feeding frog material. For fixed feeding, in the pool where the bottom of the tank is inclined toward the outlet, leave a land occupying l/4-1/5 of the floor area of ​​the pool as a feeding place or set a fixed feed table. The amount of feeding is 2 hours. Basically finished for the degree.
Third, daily management
1. Tiger frogs have bad habits of eating too much. They should have enough frogs of the same size at one time. Separate them after 2 months to 3 months of feeding.
2. Tiger frogs burrow during the day, so should set up hidden places in the pool, such as planting aquatic plants or put rubble, bamboo in the bottom of the pool. During the young frog's period, it is most afraid of alarming and strong light, and it is particularly sensitive to changes in the surrounding environment. Therefore, in the management of young frogs, care should be taken to keep the poolside environment quiet. During the day, shade measures should be taken to avoid glare and exposure.
3. The timely removal of residual food, feces, pool water, keep the water fresh and reduce the incidence of disease.
4. The size of the frogs to be fed is suitable for swallowing. The frogs have a smooth surface, fast softening of water absorption, no excessive salt, grease and odor, and a complete feed nutrition with a protein content of more than 38%.
5. Do a good job in heatstroke and wintering work. When it is hot, add water, drain the water from the pool, take the awning, spray cold water, and other methods to reduce the temperature. In winter, reduce the water temperature and pay attention to insulation and prevent frostbite.
Fourth, disease prevention and control II. Symptoms of red leg disease: Onset of mental weakness, decreased mobility, abdominal distension, and bloody mucus in the mouth and anus. In the early stage of the disease, the tip of the hind limbs are red and swollen, with bleeding points, and soon spread to the entire hind limb.
Prevention: (1) Remove the diseased frog in a pool and soak it with gentamycin. The dosage is about 50-150mg/L once a day for 3 days; (2) If the frog can still feed, it can be Antibiotics were added to the feed, and liver protection drugs such as multidimensional drugs were added at the same time, and they were continuously fed for 3 days.
2. Bubble disease symptoms: It usually occurs during the flood season, the abdomen is swollen, and a large number of air bubbles accumulate in the digestive tract.
Prevention and control: Control the aquatic biomass in the pool, constantly changing the water and keeping the water fresh. In addition, salt 15g/m3 can be added to the aquaculture pond.
3. Gastrointestinal symptoms: The food intake of diseased frogs decreased significantly or stopped feeding. The larvae in the pool were weak and weak. They contracted and bowed back when they were caught. The anatomical findings showed that there were dendritic congestion on the outer surface of the stomach, bleeding from the gastric mucosa, redness of the gut, and gastrointestinal empty space. .
Prevention: Add berberine hydrochloride 4g/kg feed or fluconazole 2g/kg feed to the feed.
4. The predators are mainly insects during the predatory period, and the main predators during the young and the frog period are snakes and rats.
Prevention: (l) Put a good water inlet, and use a sieve mesh to extend the inlet to the filter to prevent the eggs or larvae of the predators from entering the pool with water. (2) The walls of the aquaculture pond should be smooth to prevent the hostile organisms from inhabiting and breeding. It is also possible to breed some poultry and livestock such as geese and cats outside the breeding pond to expel and eliminate predators such as snakes and rats.
First, site selection
1. Site selection: should choose quiet, convenient drainage, water pollution, and easy management, with an area of ​​20 square meters is preferred.
2. Overwintering pond: The water retention during construction must be better, otherwise the drought water level in winter will be low and the pool water will dry up, causing tiger frogs to die in large numbers due to lack of water or frost damage. It is better to build insulation sheds in northern Chongqing, but it is not necessary to warm them up. It is best to use concrete pools, depth requirements above 1.5m, water level is maintained at about 1m, a rest platform with a total area of ​​about l/4 is built in the middle of the pool, or another simple floating platform that floats on the water surface. The bottom of the pool should be equipped with hidden facilities, such as straw, rubble, bamboo, etc., for tiger frogs to avoid and hibernate.
3. Spawning ponds and hatching ponds: The area is preferably 2 square meters, so that fewer groups of pro-frogs can be placed in order to avoid interference with each other. The pro-frogs can catch hatching ponds after catching eggs. The pool depth is about 1.5m, and the water level can be adjusted according to the demand, ie 0.2-1m. It is better to build concrete pools. If earthen ponds are built, the surrounding and bottom should be sealed with plastic film. The pool should be kept clean and free of any pollution. At the same time, it should be kept quiet, otherwise it will affect the pro-frog spawning and hatching of fertilized eggs.
4. Dianchi Lake and Perverted Pool: The use of ladder-type or slope-type, with a height drop of about 0.2m-0.3m, will gradually reduce the water level as the pupa changes, and landfalls some of the land for the perverted young frogs to inhabit.
5. Young frogs and adult frog breeding ponds: Cement pools can be built under certain conditions. If earthen ponds are used, the pool walls should be lined with a layer of plastic film. The end of the pool is slightly higher than the other end, facilitating drainage and cleaning. The higher end of the frog can be used as a bait station when it is not flooded. The depth of the pool is about 0.5m, but there must be a wall or fence with a height of 1m around it. The fence should be tilted slightly to prevent escape.
Second, the breeding method
1. The cultivation of pro-frogs: After a hibernation, until the beginning of spring, that is, in early April, when the temperature rises above 16°C, the pro-frogs will begin to feed. At this time, fresh fish bait, fly pupae, etc. shall be fed to make the frogs close. Quickly restore physical fitness to facilitate reproduction and hatching in the next phase.
2. Breeding and hatching: Breeding and hatching techniques are the key technologies for tiger frog breeding. When the water temperature rises above 16°C, prepare before breeding. That is, spawning ponds and hatching ponds are to be disinfected, and then injected. Clear water, and finally adjust the water temperature by adjusting the water level and light. After everything is ready, the frogs can be removed from the wintering pond. After removal, they are bathed with 5 mg/L potassium permanganate for 5 minutes and then transferred to the spawning pool. The water level of the spawning pool is kept at 0.2m and the water temperature is above 20°C. Normally, the pro-frogs can spawn a day after entering the spawning pool for 2 days. If the pro-family has good maturation and the temperature is high, it is usually 2 to 16 hours after the pro-frogs enter the spawning pool. The spawning pool should be observed after 8:00 am every day. When the eggs are fully swelled, they should be removed and transferred to the hatching pond. When fertilized eggs hatch, the optimum temperature is 25°C. At the same time, there must be sufficient oxygen. It is best to let the fertilized eggs float in water when they hatch. If they sink to the bottom, the fertilized eggs should be moved so as not to stick to the bottom of the pool, resulting in fertilization at the bottom. Hypoxia affects the hatching rate.
3. Feeding Techniques: The key technology for quail breeding is quail feeding. The bait is high quality and diverse. The amount of bait increased with the increase of day-old age, feeding twice a day. The zooplankton and yolk were mainly cultured in the early stage, and mainly in the middle and late stages. The newly metamorphosed frogs do not have enough vision and smell to adapt to the terrestrial life. At this time, live baits such as cockroaches and maggots should be given. After 5 days and 7 days, gradually chopped fish, quail meat, and snail meat are fed. Wait, then slowly add frog material, and finally completely transition to feeding frog material. For fixed feeding, in the pool where the bottom of the tank is inclined toward the outlet, leave a land occupying l/4-1/5 of the floor area of ​​the pool as a feeding place or set a fixed feed table. The amount of feeding is 2 hours. Basically finished for the degree.
Third, daily management
1. Tiger frogs have bad habits of eating too much. They should have enough frogs of the same size at one time. Separate them after 2 months to 3 months of feeding.
2. Tiger frogs burrow during the day, so should set up hidden places in the pool, such as planting aquatic plants or put rubble, bamboo in the bottom of the pool. During the young frog's period, it is most afraid of alarming and strong light, and it is particularly sensitive to changes in the surrounding environment. Therefore, in the management of young frogs, care should be taken to keep the poolside environment quiet. During the day, shade measures should be taken to avoid glare and exposure.
3. The timely removal of residual food, feces, pool water, keep the water fresh and reduce the incidence of disease.
4. The size of the frogs to be fed is suitable for swallowing. The frogs have a smooth surface, fast softening of water absorption, no excessive salt, grease and odor, and a complete feed nutrition with a protein content of more than 38%.
5. Do a good job in heatstroke and wintering work. When it is hot, add water, drain the water from the pool, take the awning, spray cold water, and other methods to reduce the temperature. In winter, reduce the water temperature and pay attention to insulation and prevent frostbite.
Fourth, disease prevention and control II. Symptoms of red leg disease: Onset of mental weakness, decreased mobility, abdominal distension, and bloody mucus in the mouth and anus. In the early stage of the disease, the tip of the hind limbs are red and swollen, with bleeding points, and soon spread to the entire hind limb.
Prevention: (1) Remove the diseased frog in a pool and soak it with gentamycin. The dosage is about 50-150mg/L once a day for 3 days; (2) If the frog can still feed, it can be Antibiotics were added to the feed, and liver protection drugs such as multidimensional drugs were added at the same time, and they were continuously fed for 3 days.
2. Bubble disease symptoms: It usually occurs during the flood season, the abdomen is swollen, and a large number of air bubbles accumulate in the digestive tract.
Prevention and control: Control the aquatic biomass in the pool, constantly changing the water and keeping the water fresh. In addition, salt 15g/m3 can be added to the aquaculture pond.
3. Gastrointestinal symptoms: The food intake of diseased frogs decreased significantly or stopped feeding. The larvae in the pool were weak and weak. They contracted and bowed back when they were caught. The anatomical findings showed that there were dendritic congestion on the outer surface of the stomach, bleeding from the gastric mucosa, redness of the gut, and gastrointestinal empty space. .
Prevention: Add berberine hydrochloride 4g/kg feed or fluconazole 2g/kg feed to the feed.
4. The predators are mainly insects during the predatory period, and the main predators during the young and the frog period are snakes and rats.
Prevention: (l) Put a good water inlet, and use a sieve mesh to extend the inlet to the filter to prevent the eggs or larvae of the predators from entering the pool with water. (2) The walls of the aquaculture pond should be smooth to prevent the hostile organisms from inhabiting and breeding. It is also possible to breed some poultry and livestock such as geese and cats outside the breeding pond to expel and eliminate predators such as snakes and rats.
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