Vegetables grow in greenhouses and are prone to toxic gas hazards. Among them, ammonia poisoning occurs most frequently. Farmers' friends must pay attention to prevention and reduce losses.
Symptoms are cucumber, pepper, tomato, eggplant, etc. The leaves were initially immersed in water and gradually faded to light brown. The young shoots are wilting and black. Severe leaf margin scorch, the whole plant lost water and shrink to death. Occasionally, spotting occurs in the shed, and some entire sheds are damaged.
One reason is the use of excessive amounts of urea, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate and other nitrogen fertilizers; the second is the use of human manure, livestock manure, manure and other organic fertilizers that are not fully decomposed; the third is fermented cake fat or chicken in the shed. Dung, etc.; Fourth, spread fertilizer on top of the ground; Fifth, fertilizer is not uniform enough. Ammonia hazards are caused by the entry of stomata and water holes in the leaves and alkaline hazards in the vegetable body, causing physiological problems. Some of them are the direct volatilization hazards of ammonia gas, some of which indirectly produce ammonia gas hazards, some of which are the gradual release of ammonia gas hazards, and some of which are sudden encounters with high temperatures and concentrate on inducing ammonia hazards. It has been determined that when the concentration of ammonia in the air reaches 0.1%, cucumbers and peppers quickly suffer from symptoms of damage.
The first measure is to apply adequately composted compost, manure, and human excrement to prevent fresh manure from entering the shed; the second is to use refined organic compound fertilizer with high soil amendments and active substances as base fertilizer or top dressing; third, be careful not to overdo it. The application of nitrogen fertilizer, especially urea, should not exceed 30 kg per acre, and should be combined with the application of phosphorus and potash fertilizer; the fourth is to evenly apply fertilizer to prevent localized fertilizer excessively producing spotting hazards; fifth is not allowed to freely ferment organic fertilizers in greenhouses. Sixth, it is necessary to detect the concentration of ammonia in the air in the greenhouse at any time. When the pH value of the water droplets on the film reaches 8.2, it indicates that the steam in the greenhouse is alkaline, and the greenhouse film should be opened immediately; In case of hazards, 800-fold Huimanfeng active liquid fertilizer is sprayed to release the poison quickly. Eighth, the place where the water source is better can be combined with the exhaust water to reduce the soil fertility.
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