After harvesting, it's crucial to take immediate care of the tree to ensure its health and productivity for the next season. First, apply fertilizer promptly. This helps restore the tree’s vitality and strengthen its growth. The main type of fertilizer should be nitrogen-based, and the amount can be adjusted depending on the yield.
Next, pest control is essential. One of the most common pests is the peach leafhopper, which damages leaves and causes them to turn gray, weakening the tree and leading to early defoliation. From August to September, this pest is most active. After harvest, it's important to spray the tree with a broad-spectrum fungicide first, then use 50% malathion diluted at 1:1000 or 40% acephate emulsion at 1:1000 to kill the insects and suppress their reproduction.
Another issue is leaf spot disease, which affects leaves and shoots. Timely treatment is necessary. Use 75% chlorothalonil diluted at 1:700, and consider adding a new high-fat film to enhance effectiveness.
Sang Bai (mulberry whitefly) can also be a problem. Apply two treatments in early August and one more in mid-September when the third generation is active. A mix of 40% acephate EC diluted at 1:1000 and 95% paraffin oil emulsion at 1:150, combined with a small amount of high-fat film, will help reduce resistance and improve control.
Moth and butterfly larvae can damage leaves, so regular inspections after harvest are important. Early detection allows for timely intervention.
Red spider mites are still active during August and September. To manage them, use 5% abamectin EC diluted at 1:1500 mixed with 73% fenbutatin oxide EC diluted at 1:2000. In heavily infested areas, adding a high-fat film to the mixture increases effectiveness.
Pruning is another key step. After fruit removal, remove competing branches, dense branches, and leggy growth. Follow the principle of balancing growth and fruiting. Thin out outer branches and upper dense areas. If the trunk is too open, cut back some large branches before trimming. Pruning reduces nutrient consumption, improves air circulation and light exposure, enhances photosynthesis, and promotes flower bud development, setting the stage for better flowering and fruiting in the following spring. After pruning, apply a wound sealant to protect the cuts.
Deep plowing in September, at a depth of 20–30 cm, helps improve soil structure, promote root activity, and increase the root system’s ability to absorb nutrients. This strengthens the tree’s resistance to drought, poor soil, and pests, while boosting its photosynthetic efficiency and overall vigor.
Finally, apply base fertilizer in September along with deep plowing. This is a critical step for ensuring stable production and high yields throughout the year. Combining base fertilizer with deep turning improves soil quality and drought resistance. The fertilizer can be absorbed by the roots before leaf fall, aiding root recovery and growth after plowing. It also boosts late-season photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation, benefiting the tree’s growth and fruiting in the coming year.
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