Edible fungus mycelium grows rapidly, is prone to mutations, and is challenging to preserve over long periods. To maintain viable strains, several effective preservation methods can be used. These techniques are simple, cost-effective, and suitable for both small-scale and laboratory settings.
1. **Liquid Paraffin Preservation**
This method involves using sterile liquid paraffin to create a protective layer around the mycelium. First, select high-quality liquid paraffin and sterilize it in an autoclave for several hours or let it dry in a desiccator for a few days. Using a sterile pipette or syringe, carefully add about 1 cm of paraffin above the tip of the test tube. Seal the tube with a cotton plug and wax to prevent contamination. Store the tubes upright in a cool, dark place. This method can keep the strain viable for up to 5 years.
2. **Bran Preservation**
Bran is a natural substrate that supports mycelial growth. Take a measured amount of wheat or rice bran, mix it with water or a nutrient solution, and ensure it is evenly moistened. Pack the mixture into test tubes, sterilize them, and then inoculate with the mycelium. Incubate at the optimal temperature until the mycelium fully colonizes the bran. Once mature, allow the test tubes to air-dry at room temperature. After drying, store them in a cool, dry place below 20°C. This technique can preserve the strain for 3 to 5 years.
3. **Salt Preservation**
In this method, the mycelium is preserved in a saline solution. Start by preparing a potato broth culture medium and adding the fungal strain. Shake the flask gently 5 to 10 times daily for 5 to 7 days to encourage mycelial growth. Once the mycelium forms a dense ball, transfer it into a test tube containing 5 ml of sterile saline. Cut the mycelium into small pieces (about 4–5 per tube), plug the tube, and seal it with wax. This method allows for storage at low temperatures for up to one year.
4. **Wheat Grain Preservation**
This technique uses whole wheat grains as a substrate. Select high-quality wheat, wash it thoroughly, and soak it in water at 20°C for 5 hours. Slightly dry the grains before filling the test tubes to about one-third of their length. Sterilize the grains, cool them, and then inoculate with the mycelium. Incubate at the right temperature until the hyphae spread across most of the grains. Afterward, store the tubes in a dry, cool area below 25°C. This method can preserve the strain for 1 to 2 years.
These preservation methods provide practical solutions for maintaining edible fungi strains, ensuring they remain viable for future use in research, cultivation, or experimentation. Choosing the right method depends on available resources, storage conditions, and the specific requirements of the strain.
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