In early spring, cabbage crops are frequently affected by root rot, leading to widespread seedling death and significant economic losses for farmers. In the spring of 2006, this disease had a severe impact on several vegetable growers, causing substantial damage. To prevent such issues this year, it's crucial for farmers cultivating spring cabbage to focus on disease prevention from the very beginning—starting with the seedling stage.
**First, understanding the main symptoms**
Root rot typically appears shortly after the seedlings emerge or during transplanting. The stem’s outer layer turns brown and begins to decay, while the root system becomes soft and rotten. Affected plants can be easily pulled out from the soil, showing clear signs of infection.
**Second, conditions that promote the disease**
The pathogen overwinters in seeds and soil. In early spring, when cabbage is grown under plastic or small greenhouses, the combination of low temperatures and high humidity creates ideal conditions for the disease to develop. Infected water used for irrigation can further spread the pathogen across the field.
**Third, effective control methods**
1. **Seed treatment**: Choose high-quality seeds and soak them in a 800-fold dilution of withered Aetna for four hours to disinfect. Afterward, rinse twice with clean water, drain, and then germinate before sowing. Alternatively, you can use a 1% salt solution for disinfection.
2. **Soil treatment for seedbeds**: Disinfect the seedbed soil using a 1000-fold dilution of carbendazim, or mix withered Antai at 1000 times concentration. You can also apply matrine powder at a 1:1000 ratio to manage underground pests. Ensure the seedbed is level for even watering. The soil depth should be around 10 cm. Using organic-inorganic bio-activated fertilizers as nursery fertilizer can greatly enhance the plant’s resistance to root rot.
3. **Sowing and seedling care**: Spread the germinated seeds evenly on the seedbed and cover with about 1 cm of fine sand or sandy loam. After covering, place a plastic sheet over the bed to raise the temperature and encourage germination. Avoid flooding the seedbed, as excessive moisture and cold temperatures can lead to various seedling diseases.
4. **Seedbed management**: Once the seedlings start emerging, water them regularly but avoid overwatering. When 30% of the seedlings have emerged, spray them with a 500-fold diluted wilt solution, repeating this 2–3 times every 7–10 days to prevent damping-off, blight, and root rot. After all seedlings have emerged, spray with Weisheng D1300 once or twice, with an interval of 10–15 days to promote growth and prevent disease entry. When the seedlings are strong, thin them out, spacing them about 2 inches apart. Water gently without flooding. Before transplanting, allow the seedlings to air out and harden off. The day before transplanting, water them thoroughly.
5. **Field planting management**: Before planting, treat the seedlings and seedbeds with a 300-fold dilution of withered wilt or a 500-fold solution of 50% root rot fungicide to prevent disease entry into the greenhouse. Planting leeks alongside cabbage can help reduce root rot, as leeks emit a strong odor that has natural antibacterial properties. This method not only improves plant health but also enhances overall crop resilience.
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Jiangxi Chengzhi Bioengineering Co., Ltd , https://www.chengzhi-bio.com