With the warming temperatures in spring, changes in energy demand become essential for maintaining optimal chicken performance. As temperatures rise, chickens tend to consume more feed, which can lead to increased body weight. While this may initially promote egg-laying, it can also negatively impact egg production rates if not managed properly. To prevent this, the metabolizable energy content of the feed should be reduced to around 2700 kcal per kg. This adjustment helps maintain a balanced energy intake and significantly improves egg production. One effective way to reduce energy levels is by decreasing the proportion of corn and other cereal grains in the feed, allowing for better nutrient utilization.
As the egg production rate increases, protein requirements also change. When hens reach a 50% laying rate, the feed should contain at least 15.5% crude protein. For every 10% increase in egg production, the digestible protein content should be raised by 0.5%, but should not exceed 18.5%. This can be achieved by adding high-quality protein sources such as fishmeal, soybean meal, or other plant-based protein supplements. Ensuring adequate protein supply is crucial for sustaining high egg output and maintaining hen health.
Mineral needs also vary with egg production. As hens lay more eggs, their demand for calcium and other minerals increases. A deficiency in calcium can result in soft-shelled or shell-less eggs, which reduces both quality and marketability. To address this, calcium levels in the feed should be increased from 2% to 3% or even 4%, depending on the stage of production. Phosphorus levels should also be adjusted, rising from 0.5% in winter to 0.6% during peak laying periods. If hens show signs of poor appetite, salt content in the feed can be increased slightly to 0.1%, and additional mineral supplements can be included to support overall health and egg quality.
Vitamin requirements also increase as egg production rises. Spring conditions and higher laying rates place greater stress on hens, making vitamin supplementation essential. Vitamins such as A, D, E, and B-complex play key roles in maintaining reproductive health, immune function, and overall well-being. Including these vitamins in the feed helps ensure that hens remain healthy and productive throughout the laying season. Regular monitoring of feed composition and hen behavior is recommended to make timely adjustments and optimize performance.
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