The autumnal potato is one of the major late autumn crops in Chongqing, and it is also a late autumn crop with a high commodity rate. The use of rice straw to cover the autumn sea buckwheat not only has the advantages of labor saving, time saving, heat preservation, moisturizing, and preventing waterlogging, but also saves cost, increases production, and increases efficiency. It is also important for increasing soil organic matter, improving soil structure, fertility, and increasing farmers' income. . Must focus on six key cultivation techniques:
1. Open a good ditch and standardize the whole field. When harvesting rice, Qi mud harvests rice. Immediately after the rice was harvested, the rice field was pulled in the direction of the drainage to open the trenches. Press 2 to 2.2 meters to open the ditch, the car is 1.8 to 2 meters wide, 0.2 meters wide and 0.2 to 0.3 meters deep. Open the ditch around the field, the ditch is 0.25 meters wide and the ditch is 0.3-0.4 meters deep. Daejeon should also open a main ditch. Ditch the mud from the ditch and evenly pave the car, and make the car level consistent.
2. Select good seed, soak germination. The early-ripening varieties such as yamzai 1, chuanxiong 4, zhongshu 3, and feiwuruitu were selected as the detoxified seed potatoes. It is better to plant whole potatoes with about 30 grams of small seed potatoes. The large seed potatoes should be cut first to ensure that each cut has 1 to 2 robust shoots, each weighing more than 30 grams, and using 1 kg of 70% methyltoluene. Bujina 0.5 kg 72% of agricultural streptomycin plus 25 kg of talcum powder, mix 2 kg of mixed medicine for every 50 kg of seed potatoes, prevent seed rot. For seedlings that have not passed the dormant period, 7 to 10 days before sowing, wet the river sand in a cool and ventilated room with a thickness of 3 cm, put a layer of dipping seed potatoes, and add a layer of 3 cm thick river sand. From 2 to 3 floors, the uppermost layer of river sand is 3 cm thick. To keep the sand bed moist, it can germinate after 7 to 10 days. When the bud length is 1.5 to 2 cm, remove the hardening seedlings for 1 to 2 days and sow.
3. Early sowing in time, give enough base fertilizer. When the rice is harvested on the same day or the next day, when the straw is still dry, the sowing date is generally good when the daily average temperature is stable below 25°C. The Pingba Hills area was planted from the end of August to the middle of September. According to the width of 60 cm, a narrow line of 20 cm, a nest of 20 cm, acres of 8000 nests. Mushi 45% compound fertilizer 50 kilograms spread into 10 centimeter wide fertilizer belt in the center of the wide line; or 1500 to 2000 kilograms of organic fertilizer applied in Mushi, 10 to 15 kilograms of urea, 25 to 30 kilograms of superphosphate, and 100 kilograms of plant ash. Flowering stage spraying with 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate two or three times for top dressing.
4. Cover the straw and moisten buds. After spreading the fertilizer, sow 8 to 10 centimeters thick rice straw (covered with 2 acres of paddy rice straw) and cover the entire car surface evenly as straw and car vertical and grass tip to grass tip. Soil cover is pressed around the surface of the car to prevent the green potato from being exposed to sunlight. In case of high-temperature weather, it is necessary to spray moisturizer sooner or later to avoid burning buds.
5. Keep seedlings alive, early tube fine tube. After the seedlings were unearthed, 5-8 kg of urea were used to raise the seedlings, which promoted the growth of the whole seedlings and strong seedlings. If there are low-lying areas, poorly drained potato fields should be drained by clear channels to prevent accumulation of stagnant water in the fields. To prevent and treat late blight timely, early detection, early removal, early prevention and treatment, use 72% Kelu wettable powder 600 times liquid or 50% Fushuai suspension 2500 times liquid spray control. The 28-spot ladybug is sprayed with 2.5% deltamethrin EC 3000x.
6. timely harvest, high yield and efficiency. More than 70% of the straw-covered potato blocks are on the surface of the soil and can be picked by picking up the straw; it can also be harvested in stages, that is, the rice straw can be used to harvest and grow the grown potato, and then the straw can be covered to make the small potato block. Continue to grow. In this way, Qiu Yanghao can be listed on the market in a timely manner, and it can also ensure higher production and improve overall economic efficiency.
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