Rice stem borer

The scientific name is Tryporyza incertulas (walker), Lepidoptera, Acrididae. Synonyms Scirpophaga incertulas. Alias ​​borer. Located in the rice fields south of Yantai, Shandong.

Host rice. It only harms rice or wild rice, and it is a monophagous pest.

The larvae are infested by rice stems and feed on the ground. The dead seedlings appear when the host is giving birth, and the dry booties or the white spikes are formed during the booting and heading stages. Serious particles are missing. In recent years, the serious damage caused by Sanhua has shown an upward trend. The reasons are many. Insect damage caused by the infestation of the rice stem borer, seedlings, larvae during the tillering period, feeding of the heart and leaves, damage or loss of water in the heart leaf, slightly whitish or greenish white, appearance like onion tube, called false dry heart, roll Shrinking of the heart leaves, visible neat section, more visible larvae, growth point is destroyed, false dead heart yellow dead to become dead heart seedlings, when the other leaves are still green. The damaged rice plants had small intrusive holes, no insect excrement outside the holes, and white fine-grained insects in the stems. Divided from the dead heart disease caused by the damage caused by Daxie and Erhuai.

The larvae are infested by rice stems and feed on the ground. The dead seedlings appear when the host is giving birth, and the dry booties or the white spikes are formed during the booting and heading stages. Serious particles are missing. In recent years, the serious damage caused by Sanhua has shown an upward trend. The reasons are many. Insect damage caused by the infestation of the rice stem borer, seedlings, larvae during the tillering period, feeding of the heart and leaves, damage or loss of water in the heart leaf, slightly whitish or greenish white, appearance like onion tube, called false dry heart, roll Shrinking of the heart leaves, visible neat section, more visible larvae, growth point is destroyed, false dead heart yellow dead to become dead heart seedlings, when the other leaves are still green. The damaged rice plants had small intrusive holes, no insect excrement outside the holes, and white fine-grained insects in the stems. Divided from the dead heart disease caused by the damage caused by Daxie and Erhuai.

Habits of life 2-3 years old in Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Yunnan 3 generations, high-temperature years can be born 4 generations, Guangdong 5 generations, Taiwan 6-7 generations, South subtropical 10-12 generations. The old mature larvae lived in the rice borers. The temperature in Hunchun is higher than 16°C, and the overwintering larvae gradually decayed and feathered. The adult lurks in the lower part of the rice plant during the day and flies out of activity after sunset to become phototaxis. One to two days after emergence, they were copulated. The eggs were produced in vigorously growing leaf blades or backs of rice leaves 6-10 cm from the tips of the leaves. There were more spawning at the end of the tillering period and the end of booting stage, jointing stage, full heading stage, and grouting. Less period. Each female produces 2-3 egg masses. The newly hatched larvae are called “ant crickets”. The ant crickets droop on the tip of the leaf during the tillering period and droop along the wind to the adjacent rice plant.

The leaf sheath was drilled into the lower part of rice stems about 2 cm away from the surface of the water, and it took 30 to 50 minutes from hatching to drilling. At the booting stage or in the rice field where the heading is about to begin, the ant crickets bite the hole in the sheath sheathing the rice ear or invade the rice flower from the leaf sheath. After 4 to 5 days, the larvae reach the 2nd instar. The ear has been extracted and the transfer has begun. Go to the neck of the hole and bite into the hole, and then after 3 to 5 days to cut through the stem section or the rice ear to break, forming a white spike. The anthills that were hatched from the same egg mass damaged the nearby rice plants, resulting in the appearance of dead hearts or white spikes, resulting in the emergence of "dry heart group" or "white spike group" in the field. The mature larvae transfer to the healthy plant to bite a feather hole in the stem or stem wall, leaving only one layer of epidermis and then phlegm. After the emergence of broken membrane drilling. In the tropics it can breed all year round, but in the dry season when the humidity is not enough, the last instar larvae often fall

The roots of rice cannot be propagated all year round in the temperate zone, while the last instar larvae live in winter in the cold season. The general duration of each insect state: egg 7-16 days, larvae 23-35 days, 7-23 days. In general, only one larva is found in a rice plant that has been infested with rice stem borers, and the strain is transferred 1-3 times, and the larvae have 5 instars. The production of single-planted, double-season rice mixed planting or rice mixed with a season rice is a serious problem. The basal fertilizer on the cultivation was sufficient, and the topdressing fertilizer was timely, the rice plant grew robustly, and the rice field with rapid head and heading was lightly damaged. On the other hand, if the topdressing fertilizer was too late or applied nitrogenously, the rice would easily die. However, temperatures of 24-29°C and relative humidity of more than 90% are conducive to hatching and invading the pest. The main natural enemies are parasitic wasps, rice borer Trichogramma, black egg bees, bitter wasps, spiders, frogs, Beauveria bassiana.

Prevention Methods (1) Forecasting. According to various paddy field ploughing rates, dates of pupation, pupal dates, mating and oviposition, and egg duration, the peaks, peaks, and peaks of the moths, and the peaks and peaks of the ant hoppers' hatching are predicted. At the end of the period of guidance and prevention. (2) Agricultural control 1 Adjust the layout of rice properly, avoid mixing and reduce the number of bridges. 2 Select the moderate growth period. 3 Timely plowing the field and processing the rice plant to reduce overwintering population. 4 Select rice fields or dry lands that are not damaged or damaged as green manures, and leave green manures on the production. Due to late spring plowing, most of the larvae have been ploughed and feathered before plowing, and production should be guarded against infestation. 5 It is not only beneficial to the growth of the crops that the winter fields and green manure fields are used to infuse horse water.

It also kills most overwintering mites. 8 Timely spring irrigation, submergence of rice bran for 7-10 days, drowning overwintering larvae and pupae. 7 Cultivation and cure. By adjusting the planting period, the method of throwing maggots is used to stagger the fertility stages that are vulnerable to ant pests and the incubation period of ant locusts, so as to avoid or reduce the damage. (3) Protect and use natural enemies. (4) Prevention of dry-heart in the paddy fields where the mating stage of rice and the antler's incubating period are shorter than 10 days, and it is controlled 1-2 days before the peak of the hatching of the ant mites, and 3% dianilban granules are used, 1.5 for every 667m2. - 2.5kg, 15kg of fine soil after spreading, the field to maintain 3-5cm shallow water layer for 4-5 days. When the anastomosis date exceeds 10 days, it should be given 1 dose at the beginning of the incubation period and then every 6-7 days. The method is the same as above. (5) Prevent and treat white spikes in egg hatching period and breakage and earing stage, adopt early breakage and early use, and break the mouth and use the principle of delayed use. When the breakage reaches 5%-10%, apply the first. The second drug, each 667m2 with 25% insecticidal double water 150-200ml or 50% kill pine oil EC 100ml, 40% omethoate plus 50% 50ml kill pine oil 50ml, mixed wet fine soil 15kg into the field, also The above insecticide can be used to spray 400 kg of water or spray 60-75 kg of water. Such as the large amount of rice stem borer, ant larvae long incubation period or host booting, heading period is long, should be in the first drug after 5 days and then applied 1-2 times, the method is the same as above.

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