Kelp twigs are long and dense, resembling a brocade, and belong to the family Caprifoliaceae, genus Kelp. This deciduous shrub typically grows up to 2 meters tall in the garden. When cultivated in pots, it can thrive in medium-sized containers ranging from 20 to 30 cm in height. The leaves are opposite, elliptic to ovate-elliptic or obovate, with an acuminate apex, rounded base, and serrated edges. They are dark green on the upper surface, bluish-white underneath, and often have fine hairs along the veins.
The plant produces one to four flowers in a corymbose inflorescence, usually at the tip of branchlets or in leaf axils. The corolla is funnel-shaped, about 3 cm in diameter, and comes in shades of purple to pale pink. Flowering occurs from April to June. The fruit is a columnar capsule, ripening in October. Over the past century, hundreds of horticultural varieties have been developed through crossbreeding. Notable types include the beautiful damask flower with light pink blooms and small leaves, white daisies with pure white flowers, discolored damask flowers that start green and turn red, carnation flowers with white to yellow foliage, and purple brocade flowers featuring a purple halo on the leaves and pinkish-purple blossoms.
Commonly cultivated varieties include sea daffodils, also known as civilian flowers, which closely resemble Jinhua flowers. These flowers initially appear white, then shift to green, half-green, or even purple, making them highly ornamental. Roadside flowers have short, brown branchlets and dark red blooms, flowering twice a year—in May and August. Jinhua flowers are native to Northeast China, North China, and East China, and are also found in Russia, Japan, and North Korea.
Jinhua thrives in warm and humid climates but is also resilient to cold and drought. It prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. It is hardy and adaptable, requiring no specific soil conditions. Propagation is typically done through ramets or cuttings. In early spring, before new growth begins, plants can be divided into clusters of 4 to 5 branches and replanted in deep garden soil. For cuttings, take 15 cm thick branches in June after flowering, remove lower leaves, and insert them into fine sand, vermiculite, or peat. Cover with a plastic bag, provide shade, keep moist, and transplant once roots develop.
Jinhua is vigorous and easy to grow. When planting in the ground, apply organic fertilizer during planting. After each winter, add compost around the rhizosphere in a shallow trench. During the growing season, top-dressing is usually unnecessary. Water sparingly—1 to 2 times during dry seasons in spring, summer, and autumn. Drain excess water during rainy periods to avoid flooding. Apply antifreeze water in winter for protection against frost. Each spring, before new growth begins, remove old, damaged branches and prune flowers accordingly. Every 2 to 3 years, perform a major renewal pruning.
For potted plants, use pots with diameters between 13 cm and 20 cm. Regular pruning helps maintain a compact, full shape. In winter, move potted seedlings to a greenhouse for protection, ensuring they bloom beautifully for the Spring Festival.
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