Kelp twigs are long and dense, resembling a rich brocade. This deciduous shrub belongs to the family Caprifoliaceae and the genus Kelp. When grown in the yard, it typically reaches a height of about 2 meters. Potted plants, on the other hand, can be maintained in medium or small pots, standing between 20 to 30 cm tall. The leaves are opposite, elliptic to ovate-elliptic or obovate in shape. They have an acute apex, a rounded base, and serrated edges. The upper surface is dark green, while the underside is bluish-white, with fine hairs or a downy texture along the veins.
The plant produces one to four flowers in a corymbose inflorescence, usually at the tip of branchlets or in leaf axils. The corolla is funnel-shaped or bell-shaped, with a diameter of approximately 3 cm. The flowers range in color from purple to pale pink and bloom from April to June. The fruit is a columnar capsule, which ripens by October. Over the past century, hundreds of horticultural varieties have been developed through crossbreeding.
Notable cultivars include the beautiful damask flowers, with light pink blooms and small leaves; white daisies with pure white flowers; discolored damask flowers that start green and turn red; carnation flowers with white to yellow foliage; and purple brocade flowers, featuring a purple halo on the leaves and pinkish-purple blossoms. Commonly cultivated varieties include sea daffodils, also known as civilian flowers, which closely resemble Jinhua flowers.
Jinhua flowers begin as white, then transition to green, half-green, and eventually purple. They are highly ornamental and resistant to harsh conditions. Roadside flowers have short, brown branchlets and dark red blossoms, blooming twice a year—once in May and again in August. Native to Northeast China, North China, and East China, Jinhua is also found in Russia, Japan, and North Korea.
This plant thrives in warm and humid climates but is also adaptable to cold and dry conditions. It prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. It is hardy, resilient, and does not require specific soil conditions. Propagation is commonly done through ramets or cuttings. In early spring, before new growth begins, the plant can be divided into clusters of 4 to 5 branches and replanted in deep garden soil. For cuttings, take 15 cm thick branches after flowering in June, remove the lower leaves, and insert them into fine sand, vermiculite, or peat. Cover with a plastic bag, provide shade, keep moist, and transplant once roots form.
Jinhua is vigorous and easy to grow. When planting in the ground, add organic fertilizer during planting. After each winter, apply compost around the rhizosphere in a shallow trench. During the growing season, additional top dressing is usually unnecessary. Watering should be moderate—1 to 2 times during spring, summer, and autumn droughts. In rainy seasons, ensure proper drainage to prevent waterlogging. In winter, apply antifreeze water and protect from strong winds.
Before sprouting in early spring, prune only old or damaged branches and trim flowers after pruning. Every 2 to 3 years, perform a major renovation. For potted plants, use pots with diameters ranging from 13 to 20 cm. Prune regularly to maintain even growth and a full appearance. In winter, move potted plants to a greenhouse for protection, ensuring they bloom in time for the Spring Festival.
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