Fried Oyster
The fried oyster, also known as the oyster scale, is a destructive pest that feeds on plants. The nymphs feed on the root sap of flowers in the soil, while the adults suck the juice from the main leaves. Female oysters use their ovipositor to lay eggs on the shoots, which can cause the shoots to wither and die. This infestation can lead to significant damage if left unchecked.
Control Methods: 1. Remove newly hatched nymphs promptly by hand or with tools. 2. In severe cases, light fires near the base of trees during hot summer nights. Shake the branches to make crickets fall into the fire and burn them. 3. Use sticky sticks made from tung oil or cobweb to trap adult insects. Regular inspections should be conducted from August to September, and any egg-laying sticks should be cut off immediately to prevent further spread.
2. Red Wax
The red wax insect, commonly known as the red wax scale, feeds on flower sap, both as nymphs and adults. Their excretions often lead to sooty mold, which forms a black layer on the leaves, making the entire plant look dark and unhealthy. Infested plants may become weak, fail to bloom, or even stop flowering altogether.
Control Methods: 1. During winter and early spring, prune and remove affected branches. 2. If infestations are minor, manually scrape off the pests during the winter and spring seasons. 3. During the nymph stage, spray 25% imidacloprid at 1000 times dilution or 40% omethoate EC at 1500 times dilution. Apply the spray every 4–6 days for three applications. 4. When introducing new seedlings, enforce strict quarantine measures to avoid bringing in the pests.
3. Blowing (Cottony Cushion Scale)
Cottony cushion scale is another common pest that attacks plants. The females and eggs are often found on the undersides of leaves and stems. Manual removal is an effective control method.
Control Methods: 1. Manually remove female insects and oocysts using your fingers or tweezers, or cut away heavily infested parts. 2. Introduce natural predators such as red ladybugs or Australian ladybugs to control the population. 3. During the nymph stage, spray 40% omethoate at 1000 times dilution, 50% chlorpyrifos at 1000 times, or a diluted dish soap solution (400–600 times). Repeat every two weeks for up to four times.
4. Red Spider (Spider Mite)
Red spider mites are tiny but highly damaging pests that thrive in dry conditions. They feed on leaf sap, causing yellowing, wilting, and eventually leaf drop.
Control Methods: 1. Soak citrus seeds in water overnight, then spray the solution onto the plants. 2. Mix 15g of washing powder with 15ml of 20% caustic soda in 7.5kg of water and spray the plants. 3. Soak 350g of wood ash in 2.5kg of water for two days, filter the mixture, add 3g of washing powder, and spray daily for three consecutive days. Repeat this process every other week to eliminate the second generation. The remaining solution can be used to treat the soil to control aphids. 4. Burn mosquito-repellent incense in a pot with an infested plant, cover it with a plastic bag, and leave it for one hour. This will help kill both eggs and adult mites.
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