First, select the goslings carefully. Choose those that are lively, vocal, have bright eyes, strong umbilical cords, clean vents, and good muscle tone. Avoid weak, lethargic, or sickly goslings with swollen bellies, blood in the umbilicus, or any signs of illness.
Second, maintain proper temperature and humidity. For the first week, keep the temperature around 28–30°C, gradually decreasing by 2°C per week until reaching about 20°C. If the temperature is too low, goslings will huddle together and make long, low sounds; if it's too high, they'll pant and make short, stressed calls, increasing the risk of respiratory issues. Keep humidity between 20% and 60%, adjusting it through ventilation, light exposure, and changing bedding materials.
Third, start feeding with water. Goslings usually begin drinking water after 24 hours of hatching. Add glucose and multivitamins to the water at 25°C to help clean their digestive system, stimulate appetite, and improve nutrient absorption. After 30 minutes of drinking, introduce feed—chop fresh greens into fine strands and mix with soaked corn (in a 2:1 ratio) to create a moist mixture. Spread it on plastic sheets to encourage eating. Start with small amounts, feeding 4–5 times daily. By 3 weeks, increase to 6–8 meals, including two at night. At 4 weeks, adjust feed proportions by adding 1.5% bone meal, 2.5% shell powder, and 0.3% salt. You can also offer bran, rice bran, or cake to reduce the number of meals while keeping feed intake around 80% of capacity.
Fourth, encourage exercise. After each feeding, lead the goslings out for short walks every hour. On cold days or at night, ensure they remain active to regulate body temperature, build strength, and improve survival rates.
Fifth, start grazing. Begin grazing based on weather conditions—early in warm weather, later in colder conditions. When starting, keep grazing sessions short and gradually extend them. Always return them early. Choose sunny, windless days and avoid grazing when dew is still present. The first grazing should occur after half-feeding. After 4 weeks, goslings can graze all day, followed by a full meal.
Sixth, maintain hygiene. Regularly clean and disinfect the pens using two different disinfectants. Ensure feed and water are fresh and uncontaminated. Provide a calm, safe environment free from disturbances to reduce stress.
Seventh, manage effectively. Monitor the goslings’ health daily, isolate sick ones immediately, and treat them appropriately. Avoid mixing different livestock to prevent disease spread. Group goslings by size and strength, ideally 60–80 per group, to ensure even feeding and uniform growth.
Eighth, implement disease prevention. Administer anti-goat gosling serum (0.5–1 ml per bird), goose paramyxovirus vaccine (0.3–0.5 ml at 2 weeks), and an inactivated avian influenza vaccine (0.5 ml at 2–5 weeks). Boost immunity with a second dose 3 weeks later (1.5 ml). At 25 days, give praziquantel at 10 mg/kg to control mites. This comprehensive approach ensures healthy, thriving goslings.
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