Changzhou Wujin District Agricultural Research Institute has implemented precision quantitative cultivation techniques in its 15-mu rice demonstration field, achieving a yield of 800 kg per mu. This approach combines scientific variety selection, advanced seedling management, and precise nutrient application to maximize productivity while ensuring sustainability.
The selected variety is the early-maturing late rice cultivar Wuyunjing No.7, known for its high yield and resistance to diseases. For seedling cultivation, each mu of land requires 60 plastic trays with 352 holes, along with approximately 17 square meters of seedbed. A mixture of 90 kg of nutritious soil and 0.5 kg of a strong agent is used to prepare the growing medium. On May 12–13, the seeds were soaked in a solution containing imidacloprid, chlorpheniroxazole, and bacterin to protect against pests and diseases. Each mu of field requires 1.5 kg of seeds, which are sown after the morning dew has dried. The process involves filling two-thirds of the tray with soil, placing one seed in each hole, and covering it with the remaining soil before transferring the trays to the paddy.
During the Putian stage, the fields are covered with plastic film and kept moist through wet irrigation until the seedlings emerge. Farmers monitor the seedling color to determine when to apply milk fertilizer, though this step is often skipped when using strong Zanthoxylum. Pest control is crucial, especially for managing rice stripe disease. One day before transplanting, 8.5 grams of urea is applied per tray, and care is taken to avoid water accumulation during fertilization.
Transplanting takes place between June 5–6, when the seedlings are 20–23 days old, with 4–4.5 leaves and 1.2 lines per plant. Seedlings are planted at fixed points using a string line, with a row spacing of 30 cm and a plant spacing of 20 cm, resulting in 111,000 holes per mu, with one seedling per hole.
Fertilizer application follows a calculated ratio of N:P:K = 1:0.5:0.7, with a total nitrogen content of 17.5 kg per mu. Phosphorus pentoxide totals 8.8 kg per mu, and potassium oxide reaches 12.3 kg per mu. Nitrogen is divided into base and panicle fertilizer, with a 7:3 split between base and tiller fertilizer. Phosphorus is applied as a single base fertilizer, while potash is split between base application and the jointing stage. Fertilizers such as compound fertilizer (3 yuan per mu), 38 kg of urea, and 30 kg of superphosphate are applied during site preparation. Seven days after transplanting, 5.5 kg of urea is added per mu. At the inverted 3.5-leaf stage, 10 kg of urea, 10.5 kg of potassium chloride, and 10 kg of silicon fertilizer are applied to promote flowering. During the 15-leaf stage, 9.5 kg of urea is used to protect the flowers.
Water management is critical throughout the growth cycle. Seven days after transplanting, the field is irrigated with shallow water to maintain moisture. From that point until the 10.5-leaf stage, the water level is kept at 2–3 cm, with occasional exposure of the seedlings. Once the field is well-established, drainage ditches are dug to 20 cm deep, and the field is maintained without cracks or unevenness. Every three to five days, the field is reloaded to ensure consistent moisture levels. Farmers look for signs such as a white root surface and a dry middle layer to assess the field’s condition. From the 15-leaf stage to heading, shallow water irrigation is used, followed by wet irrigation after heading to preserve the roots.
Pest and weed control is an ongoing task. During the Putian stage, rice stripe disease is managed using Saigant and Fast Killing Lingzhi to control planthoppers. Chemical weeding is done 10–15 days after transplanting, using fine rice straw. During the Honda period, focus shifts to controlling Daphnia mauritiana, S. huaihuai, C. medinalis, planthoppers, and sheath blight. At the heading stage, rice blast and smut are targeted to ensure a healthy harvest.
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