Changzhou Wujin District Agricultural Research Institute has implemented precision quantitative cultivation techniques in its 15-mu rice demonstration field, achieving an impressive yield of 800 kg per mu. This advanced method ensures optimal resource use and maximizes productivity through careful planning and scientific management.
In terms of variety selection, the early-maturing late rice variety Wuyunjing No.7 was chosen for its high yield potential and adaptability to local conditions. The seeding and seedling cultivation process is highly controlled: each mu requires 60 plastic trays with 352 holes, along with approximately 17 square meters of seedbed. A mixture of 90 kg of nutrient soil and 0.5 kg of a strong agent is used to prepare the growing medium. On May 12–13, the seeds were soaked in a solution containing imidacloprid, chlorpheniroxazole, and bacterin to protect against pests and diseases. Each mu of land required 1.5 kg of seeds, which were sown after dew had dried. The process involved filling two-thirds of the tray with nutrient soil, placing one seed in each hole, covering it, and then transplanting the tray into the paddy field.
During the Putian stage, the fields were covered with plastic film and kept moist with wet irrigation until the seedlings emerged. Farmers monitored the seedling color to determine when to apply milk fertilizer, though this step was often skipped in areas where strong Zanthoxylum was used. Pest control, particularly for rice stripe disease, was a key focus. One day before transplanting, 8.5 grams of urea was applied per tray, ensuring no water accumulation during fertilization.
Transplanting took place between June 5–6, with seedlings aged 20–23 days and having 4–4.5 leaves. Each plant was spaced at 1.2 lines, with fixed planting points. The row spacing was set at 30 cm, and the plant spacing at 20 cm, resulting in 111,000 holes per mu, with one seedling per hole.
Fertilizer application followed a precise schedule. A total of 17.5 kg of pure nitrogen per mu was applied, following an N:P:K ratio of 1:0.5:0.7. This meant 8.8 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 12.3 kg of potassium oxide per mu. Nitrogen was split between base and panicle fertilizer, with a 7:3 ratio between base and tiller fertilizer. Phosphorus was applied as a single base fertilizer, while potash was divided into two applications—once at base preparation and again during the jointing stage. Fertilizers such as compound fertilizer (3 yuan per mu), superphosphate (38 kg), and 30 kg of superphosphate were also used. Seven days after transplanting, 5.5 kg of urea was applied. At the inverted 3.5-leaf stage, 10 kg of urea, 10.5 kg of potassium chloride, and 10 kg of silicon fertilizer were added to promote flowering. During the 15-leaf stage, 9.5 kg of urea was applied to protect the flowers.
Water management was critical throughout the growth cycle. Seven days after transplanting, the field was flooded to maintain moisture. From that point until the critical leaf age (10.5 leaf stage), shallow water irrigation was used, keeping the water level at 2–3 cm. Seedlings were exposed to air 1–2 times to strengthen their roots. From the 10.5 leaf stage onward, the field was lightly weighted, and drainage ditches were dug to 20 cm deep. The field remained free from cracks, and the surface was kept "windy" by rewatering every three to five days. Signs like white root on the surface but not in the middle indicated proper water balance. During the 15-leaf stage to heading, shallow water irrigation was maintained. After heading, wet irrigation was used to preserve the roots until maturity.
Pest and weed control were carefully managed. During the Putian stage, efforts focused on controlling rice stripe disease using Saigant and fast-killing Lingzhi to manage planthoppers. Ten to fifteen days after transplanting, chemical weeding was done using fine rice straw per acre. During the Honda period, the focus shifted to Daphnia mauritiana, S. huaihuai, C. medinalis, rice planthoppers, and sheath blight. Finally, during the heading stage, the priority was controlling rice blast and smut.
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