Soybean cake is a high-protein feed commonly used in pig farming. However, due to its hard texture, pigs often struggle to eat it directly. To make it easier for them, some farmers soak the cakes in water using a foaming method. While feeding the soaked cakes daily may not cause immediate harm, leaving them soaked for 3-4 days can lead to serious problems. During this time, microorganisms in the water can produce harmful substances like lactic acid and ketones. When pigs consume these spoiled cakes, they may suffer from poisoning, which can be fatal if not treated promptly.
The main symptoms of long-term soybean cake poisoning in pigs include lethargy, loss of appetite, rapid breathing, increased heart rate, fluctuating body temperature, mild diarrhea, and swelling in the head, chest, abdomen, and genital areas. Pigs that are strong and eat large amounts are especially at risk. The disease typically lasts 1-3 days, and without timely treatment, the mortality rate can be very high.
If poisoning is suspected, it's crucial to stop feeding the bean cakes immediately and start treatment. First, administer warm saline mixed with 1% sodium bicarbonate and 0.1% potassium permanganate for gastric lavage. Then give 50 to 100 grams of magnesium sulfate to induce diarrhea. Next, provide 200-500 ml of 1% sodium bicarbonate solution along with rhubarb soda tablets (one tablet per 5 kg of body weight) to neutralize stomach acids. Administer 10-50 grams of 10-40% glucose, along with vitamins B and C. Finally, inject a mixture of 1% adrenaline (0.2-0.6 g) diluted in 10 times sterile saline intravenously. Most affected pigs can recover fully with this approach.
To prevent such poisoning incidents, it's best to grind the soybean cakes using a mill and mix them with other feed ingredients before feeding. This not only improves digestibility but also reduces the risk of spoilage and toxic substance formation. Always monitor the quality of feed and avoid leaving any soaked materials for extended periods. Proactive management can significantly reduce health risks and improve overall farm productivity.
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