Rice needs a certain amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements at each stage of growth. Once there is a lack of ingredients, it will affect growth and lead to a reduction in production. After the deficiency, its symptoms are often expressed on the leaves. Therefore, during the growth of early rice, we must always observe the color and shape of the leaves and plants, distinguish the types of deficiency, and immediately remediate.
Nitrogen deficiency yellowness. The nitrogen deficiency of rice seedlings is generally uniformly yellowed from the old leaves, gradually extending from the base leaves to the heart leaves, and finally the whole plant falls yellow. Nitrogen deficiency can cause rice seedlings to dwarf, with different extensions of leafhoppers, and late and thin tillers. Leaves are short, narrow and erect, showing yellow-green color, resulting in short plants, fewer tillers, premature aging, small panicles, and insufficient grain. Remedy: At this time should be added nitrogen fertilizer, Mushi urea 5-7 kg, if the lack of serious nitrogen, should slightly increase the amount of application, with the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, applied after cultivator, to promote the conversion of yellow seedlings.
Phosphorus deficiency. After the early rice seedlings turn green, their growth is significantly slower, and the tillers delay or not give birth, or they show symptoms of stiff seedlings after turning green. The leaves are thin and erect, and when they are severe, the leaves are curled and folded along the midrib, and the leaves are dark green and dull. Blue-purple, distant view of the rice plant dark green with gray-purple; rice plants were clustered, short and thin; roots tightened, new roots rarely, and sometimes the complications of hydrogen sulfide poisoning. P-deficient rice often appears premature. Remedial measures: Top-dressing with shallow water, 30-30 kg of mixed superphosphate and 25-30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, with cultivating and applying immediately after cultivation. Or with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, with 50-60 kg of fertilizer solution prepared per acre spray. In the implementation of shallow water irrigation ground irrigation, repeated exposure to field, in order to increase the soil temperature, strengthen the absorption capacity of rice roots for phosphorus metabolism, when the new roots were born after the topdressing urea 3-4 kilograms per mu.
Deficiency potassium. Early rice lack of potassium, although rooting back to green after transplanting, but the leaves were brown with brown spots, the old leaf tip, the edge of the red-brown small spots, and finally the blade gradually turned brown from the tip down withered. Each time a new leaf grows, it will increase the lesions of an old leaf. In serious cases, only a few new leaves will remain green and look like a fire. The peasant's image is far from seeing a red, and there are no insects. The whole root system of the diseased plant was yellow-brown to dark brown with few new roots. Potassium deficiency mainly occurs in cold paddy field, rust paddy field and muddy field in early rice. Remedial measures: Immediate drainage, 100-150 kilograms of Mushi ash, or 4-6 kilograms of potassium chloride per acre, dry the field water before fertilization, and apply a strip or a hole to apply 5-10 cm deep to the soil; Or foliar spray 1% potassium chloride or potassium sulfate solution, with the application of nitrogen fertilizer gap irrigation, improve fertilizer absorption capacity.
Zinc deficiency cluster disease. The zinc-deficient early-season rice seedlings first appeared in the middle lobe of the lower lobe with chlorosis, whiteness and erythematous spots, irregular spots, and reddish-brown spots. They gradually expanded to reddish-brown streaks and turned reddish-brown to dry from the tips of the leaves. The next up and down leaves appear one by one. The leaf speed of the diseased plant was slowed down, the new leaf was short and narrow, and the new leaf was faint, especially yellowish-white fading near the midrib of the base. Severely ill plant leaf spacing shortened or misaligned, obvious dwarf clumping, leaf sheath longer than the leaves, jointing difficulties, loose and loose tillers were tussock-like, delayed maturity, although the extraction of slender panicles, mostly can not be strong. Remedy: Immediately drain the land, increase oxygen ventilation, and promote root development. When the rice seedlings showed symptoms of zinc deficiency, the zinc sulfate was formulated into a 0.1%-0.2% aqueous solution for foliar spray. The mu prepared with a zinc sulfate fertilizer solution was 50-60 kg, sprayed once every 7 days. Even spray twice.
Nitrogen deficiency yellowness. The nitrogen deficiency of rice seedlings is generally uniformly yellowed from the old leaves, gradually extending from the base leaves to the heart leaves, and finally the whole plant falls yellow. Nitrogen deficiency can cause rice seedlings to dwarf, with different extensions of leafhoppers, and late and thin tillers. Leaves are short, narrow and erect, showing yellow-green color, resulting in short plants, fewer tillers, premature aging, small panicles, and insufficient grain. Remedy: At this time should be added nitrogen fertilizer, Mushi urea 5-7 kg, if the lack of serious nitrogen, should slightly increase the amount of application, with the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, applied after cultivator, to promote the conversion of yellow seedlings.
Phosphorus deficiency. After the early rice seedlings turn green, their growth is significantly slower, and the tillers delay or not give birth, or they show symptoms of stiff seedlings after turning green. The leaves are thin and erect, and when they are severe, the leaves are curled and folded along the midrib, and the leaves are dark green and dull. Blue-purple, distant view of the rice plant dark green with gray-purple; rice plants were clustered, short and thin; roots tightened, new roots rarely, and sometimes the complications of hydrogen sulfide poisoning. P-deficient rice often appears premature. Remedial measures: Top-dressing with shallow water, 30-30 kg of mixed superphosphate and 25-30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, with cultivating and applying immediately after cultivation. Or with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, with 50-60 kg of fertilizer solution prepared per acre spray. In the implementation of shallow water irrigation ground irrigation, repeated exposure to field, in order to increase the soil temperature, strengthen the absorption capacity of rice roots for phosphorus metabolism, when the new roots were born after the topdressing urea 3-4 kilograms per mu.
Deficiency potassium. Early rice lack of potassium, although rooting back to green after transplanting, but the leaves were brown with brown spots, the old leaf tip, the edge of the red-brown small spots, and finally the blade gradually turned brown from the tip down withered. Each time a new leaf grows, it will increase the lesions of an old leaf. In serious cases, only a few new leaves will remain green and look like a fire. The peasant's image is far from seeing a red, and there are no insects. The whole root system of the diseased plant was yellow-brown to dark brown with few new roots. Potassium deficiency mainly occurs in cold paddy field, rust paddy field and muddy field in early rice. Remedial measures: Immediate drainage, 100-150 kilograms of Mushi ash, or 4-6 kilograms of potassium chloride per acre, dry the field water before fertilization, and apply a strip or a hole to apply 5-10 cm deep to the soil; Or foliar spray 1% potassium chloride or potassium sulfate solution, with the application of nitrogen fertilizer gap irrigation, improve fertilizer absorption capacity.
Zinc deficiency cluster disease. The zinc-deficient early-season rice seedlings first appeared in the middle lobe of the lower lobe with chlorosis, whiteness and erythematous spots, irregular spots, and reddish-brown spots. They gradually expanded to reddish-brown streaks and turned reddish-brown to dry from the tips of the leaves. The next up and down leaves appear one by one. The leaf speed of the diseased plant was slowed down, the new leaf was short and narrow, and the new leaf was faint, especially yellowish-white fading near the midrib of the base. Severely ill plant leaf spacing shortened or misaligned, obvious dwarf clumping, leaf sheath longer than the leaves, jointing difficulties, loose and loose tillers were tussock-like, delayed maturity, although the extraction of slender panicles, mostly can not be strong. Remedy: Immediately drain the land, increase oxygen ventilation, and promote root development. When the rice seedlings showed symptoms of zinc deficiency, the zinc sulfate was formulated into a 0.1%-0.2% aqueous solution for foliar spray. The mu prepared with a zinc sulfate fertilizer solution was 50-60 kg, sprayed once every 7 days. Even spray twice.
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