Loofahs, bitter gourds, etc. are still dominated by conventional ones, and most of the vegetable growers stay in their own greenhouses. The same kind of seedlings are reserved, but the performance of self-sustaining seeds in the next year will not be the same, and even a great difference. At present, the overwintering and loofah loofah, bitter gourd, etc. have reached the end of growth. When the time is left for planting, what aspects should the vegetable growers pay attention to before and after they are preserved? Can they ensure that the seeds they retain are of high purity and good performance?
First, leave preparation before planting When the greenhouse loofah, bitter gourd price is low, economic efficiency is not high, it is necessary to prepare for seed retention.
1. Choose a good seed plant. Loofah and bitter gourd seedlings first need to be selected strictly in the field. This work should be started after planting. After planting the seedlings, observe the growth of the plants carefully, especially during the fruiting period, select the plants that grow robustly, have good flowering and fruit setting, have many fruits and no pests, and the stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits all have the characteristics of the plants, and do mark well. .
2. Allow sufficient buffer period. The greenhouse loofahs were all fed with hormones. Although bitter gourds were pollinated by flowers, they were often left with more seeds before planting. The burden on the plants was heavy, and the growth of stems and leaves was greatly affected. Therefore, leave sufficient buffer time for the plants before planting, and remove all flower buds and melons during this period, reduce nutrient consumption, increase plant growth, ensure robust plant growth, and flower well. After the prices of loofah and bitter gourd fell, generally, in the end of May, all the plants outside the mark can be removed and re-pruned to make more space for planting plants, which will help improve the yield and quality of retained fruit. In general, leave at least half a month or more before planting to condition the plants to eliminate plant growth regulators that remain in the body during flowering, to ensure that the flowering and fruit setting is in its natural state. It should be noted that after deciding to keep the species, no plant growth regulators should be used in the shed to avoid affecting the development of seeds after culturing.
3. Kill insects in the shed and prevent random pollination. After determining the seedlings, pest control nets should be set up to isolate the indoor and outdoor sheds and prevent sheds from passing insects into the shed. Spraying with beta-cypermethrin, phoxim, etc., combined with the isopropyl-smoke smoke shed, kill the pollinators in the shed, and avoid disordered pollination and hybridization, affecting the purity of the seeds.
Second, after the preparation of artificial pollination, when the upper plant minister takes out female flowers, it is necessary to conduct artificial pollination, which is generally appropriate before 8:00 in the morning, because the style is moist at this time, the temperature is appropriate, and the pollination quality is the highest. Select the open male flowers on different strains, remove the petal, expose the anthers, and apply a touch to the female's head. After the pollination, the heads should be tossed and treated, and the stems can be started at about 30 cm below the growth point. When the lateral branches grow to about 30 cm, the heads of the stems can be used in the same way to control the growth point of the plants and promote growth. Lateral branches control the vegetative growth of the plant and promote fruit development.
If the insecticide preparation is not carried out in the early stage, the pollinated flowers can be bagged to prevent the insects from pollinating the flowers again and affect the pollination effect. After the stigma falls off, the bag can be removed to ensure its natural growth. After sitting on the melon, we must also carry out strict melon selection, that is, to select from the sitting melon to grow fast, fruit shape is correct, no pests and diseases, with the characteristics of the varieties of melon left, malformed melon, small melons, etc. are all removed. According to the growth of plants, to determine a reasonable number of melons, loofah grow good for each plant can stay 2-3 melons, growing a poor position to leave a melon section of the middle node; bitter gourd grows good can stay in each 4 - Six, 2-3 of the potential difference can be left to concentrate the nutrient supply for seed development. The water and fertilizer supply during planting can be managed in the usual way, but the fertilizer with higher hormone content should be avoided.
After the squash is mature, that is, the yellow loofah becomes dry and the bitter gourd completely turns yellow, the melon should be harvested in time, especially the bitter gourd, so as to avoid cracking and causing the seeds to fall. The loofah can be hung in a cool, ventilated place and dried naturally to allow the seeds to be cooked and ensure the seed's higher activity. When the seeds are used, they can be picked at any time. The bitter gourd is to be sliced ​​and washed in clean water. Open the stalls to dry and ventilated place. Do not put it on the asphalt or concrete ground to avoid affecting the seed germination.
Loofah, bitter gourd, etc. are all susceptible to root-knot nematodes, so planting plants should pay special attention to prevention and control. In the growing stage of the melons, avermectin and chitin can be used to irrigate roots.
First, leave preparation before planting When the greenhouse loofah, bitter gourd price is low, economic efficiency is not high, it is necessary to prepare for seed retention.
1. Choose a good seed plant. Loofah and bitter gourd seedlings first need to be selected strictly in the field. This work should be started after planting. After planting the seedlings, observe the growth of the plants carefully, especially during the fruiting period, select the plants that grow robustly, have good flowering and fruit setting, have many fruits and no pests, and the stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits all have the characteristics of the plants, and do mark well. .
2. Allow sufficient buffer period. The greenhouse loofahs were all fed with hormones. Although bitter gourds were pollinated by flowers, they were often left with more seeds before planting. The burden on the plants was heavy, and the growth of stems and leaves was greatly affected. Therefore, leave sufficient buffer time for the plants before planting, and remove all flower buds and melons during this period, reduce nutrient consumption, increase plant growth, ensure robust plant growth, and flower well. After the prices of loofah and bitter gourd fell, generally, in the end of May, all the plants outside the mark can be removed and re-pruned to make more space for planting plants, which will help improve the yield and quality of retained fruit. In general, leave at least half a month or more before planting to condition the plants to eliminate plant growth regulators that remain in the body during flowering, to ensure that the flowering and fruit setting is in its natural state. It should be noted that after deciding to keep the species, no plant growth regulators should be used in the shed to avoid affecting the development of seeds after culturing.
3. Kill insects in the shed and prevent random pollination. After determining the seedlings, pest control nets should be set up to isolate the indoor and outdoor sheds and prevent sheds from passing insects into the shed. Spraying with beta-cypermethrin, phoxim, etc., combined with the isopropyl-smoke smoke shed, kill the pollinators in the shed, and avoid disordered pollination and hybridization, affecting the purity of the seeds.
Second, after the preparation of artificial pollination, when the upper plant minister takes out female flowers, it is necessary to conduct artificial pollination, which is generally appropriate before 8:00 in the morning, because the style is moist at this time, the temperature is appropriate, and the pollination quality is the highest. Select the open male flowers on different strains, remove the petal, expose the anthers, and apply a touch to the female's head. After the pollination, the heads should be tossed and treated, and the stems can be started at about 30 cm below the growth point. When the lateral branches grow to about 30 cm, the heads of the stems can be used in the same way to control the growth point of the plants and promote growth. Lateral branches control the vegetative growth of the plant and promote fruit development.
If the insecticide preparation is not carried out in the early stage, the pollinated flowers can be bagged to prevent the insects from pollinating the flowers again and affect the pollination effect. After the stigma falls off, the bag can be removed to ensure its natural growth. After sitting on the melon, we must also carry out strict melon selection, that is, to select from the sitting melon to grow fast, fruit shape is correct, no pests and diseases, with the characteristics of the varieties of melon left, malformed melon, small melons, etc. are all removed. According to the growth of plants, to determine a reasonable number of melons, loofah grow good for each plant can stay 2-3 melons, growing a poor position to leave a melon section of the middle node; bitter gourd grows good can stay in each 4 - Six, 2-3 of the potential difference can be left to concentrate the nutrient supply for seed development. The water and fertilizer supply during planting can be managed in the usual way, but the fertilizer with higher hormone content should be avoided.
After the squash is mature, that is, the yellow loofah becomes dry and the bitter gourd completely turns yellow, the melon should be harvested in time, especially the bitter gourd, so as to avoid cracking and causing the seeds to fall. The loofah can be hung in a cool, ventilated place and dried naturally to allow the seeds to be cooked and ensure the seed's higher activity. When the seeds are used, they can be picked at any time. The bitter gourd is to be sliced ​​and washed in clean water. Open the stalls to dry and ventilated place. Do not put it on the asphalt or concrete ground to avoid affecting the seed germination.
Loofah, bitter gourd, etc. are all susceptible to root-knot nematodes, so planting plants should pay special attention to prevention and control. In the growing stage of the melons, avermectin and chitin can be used to irrigate roots.
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