Jasmine, also known as the "Queen of Flowers," is a genus belonging to the Oleaceae family. It is characterized by its evergreen leaves, fragrant white blossoms, and is one of the most popular aromatic plants for indoor cultivation. Native to regions such as India and the Arabian Peninsula, jasmine thrives in subtropical climates, particularly around the Persian Gulf. Today, it is widely cultivated across countries like Iran, Egypt, Turkey, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Spain, France, and Italy, as well as in parts of Southeast Asia. The city of Athens in Greece is famously known as the "Jasmine City," and several nations, including the Philippines, Indonesia, Pakistan, Thailand, and Tunisia, have chosen jasmine as their national flower. In the United States, South Carolina has adopted it as its state flower. During the blooming season, the Philippines is often covered with a sea of white jasmine, filling the air with a strong, sweet fragrance.
Jasmine has a long history in China, where it was first cultivated in Yunnan before spreading to Guangdong and Fujian, becoming the birthplace of Chinese jasmine. Today, it is grown throughout the country, with major production areas in Guangdong, Fujian, Suzhou, Hangzhou, and Nanjing. Recently, regions like Shandong, Beijing, Tianjin, and Xi'an have also started cultivating potted jasmine. Currently, China accounts for 65% of the world's total jasmine cultivation, and it leads globally in annual flower production.
Morphologically, jasmine is an evergreen shrub with opposite, glossy, oval leaves. Its flowers are typically white and fragrant, coming in single, double, or multiple forms. Popular ornamental varieties include *Jasminum beesianum* (purple or red), *J. grandiflorum* (white and fragrant), *J. humile* (bright yellow), *J. mesnyi* (light yellow with a strong scent), *J. multiflorum* (yellow), *J. nitidum* (white with lavender leaves), *J. officinale* (white with red tints), *J. parkeri* (dwarf with small yellow flowers), and *J. polyanthum* (very fragrant white).
Biologically, jasmine prefers warm, humid, and sunny environments. It is sensitive to cold, with temperatures below 0°C causing leaf and shoot damage. Optimal growth occurs between 25–35°C, with slow growth below 10°C. It requires high humidity (75–85%) during the growing season, and overwatering can lead to root rot. Jasmine is a long-day plant, thriving under direct sunlight. Insufficient light results in weak, thin leaves and poor growth. Wind conditions also play a role—southeast winds increase humidity, while northerly winds can inhibit flower bud development. Soil should be loose, fertile, and slightly acidic (pH 6–6.5).
Propagation methods include cuttings, layering, and division. Cuttings taken from mature branches (10 cm) in April–October, treated with indole butyric acid, usually root within 15–20 days. Layering involves burying a lower section of a long branch in soil until roots develop. Division is done during repotting, splitting dense clumps and pruning roots and shoots.
In cultivation, jasmine requires full sun and regular fertilization. A 21-7-7 acid fertilizer every two weeks is recommended. Pruning after flowering encourages new growth and better blooms. Over-fertilization or nitrogen deficiency can cause yellowing leaves. Spraying with urea solution (0.2–0.3%) in the evening helps promote bud formation.
Common pests include white peony disease and brown spot, which can be controlled with fungicides like 65% zinc naphthenate. Insect pests like leaf rollers, spider mites, and scale can be managed with insecticides such as 50% imidacloprid at 1,000 times dilution.
After harvesting, jasmine is used for decoration in homes and gardens. It is also used to make corsages, flower balls, and lanterns in southern cities, adding beauty and fragrance to everyday life.
Frozen Mussels,Frozen Cooked Clean Mussel Meat,Cooked Mussel Meat,Seafood Mussel Meat
Shengsi Xiangyuan Aquatic Products Co.,Ltd., , https://www.mytilus-edulis.com