In plain wheat areas, effective management of weak and strong seedlings is crucial for optimal yield. For fields with good sowing quality but signs of nutrient deficiency, it's recommended to apply irrigation, top-dressing, and spray Chlormequat during the jointing stage. This helps regulate plant growth and improve overall health. For fields with sparse populations, poor nutrition, or severe nutrient depletion, timely top-dressing is essential to promote ear development and increase tillering rates. It’s important to first fill the field with water and then apply urea after drainage. Avoid applying water immediately after fertilizing to prevent nutrient leaching. The amount of top-dressing should be adjusted based on the condition of the seedlings and previous fertilizer use—typically 5–10 kg per mu.
For large, vigorous fields or those with high plant density, growth regulators like Chlormequat or dwarf can be applied early in the jointing stage to control height and reduce lodging risk. In hilly dryland wheat regions, where water scarcity is a major issue, small water storage structures such as fecal pits or ponds are used to supplement irrigation and provide necessary nutrients. Urea application is typically around 10 kg per mu. In the Sichuan Basin, where phosphorus deficiency is common, ammonium phosphate can be used to supply both nitrogen and phosphorus. A typical application rate is 20–25 kg per mu.
Disease and pest control are also critical. Stripe rust must be monitored closely to prevent its spread to more severe disease areas. During April, when wheat enters the flowering and grain-filling stage, infected fields need prompt treatment to maintain healthy plant function. Head blight is a major concern during the heading and flowering period, especially with frequent spring rains. Preventive measures should be taken during this time. Additionally, powdery mildew in dry hill areas requires attention. For locusts, increased monitoring and timely release of regional control measures are essential, along with technical guidance and coordinated defense efforts.
Finally, maintaining proper moisture levels in rice and wheat fields is vital. The jointing to heading stages are sensitive periods for wheat, and excessive moisture can lead to reduced root activity and poor nutrient uptake. In severe cases, many tillers may die, reducing the spike formation rate. Before the arrival of spring rains, it's important to clear ditches, side channels, and drainage systems to lower the groundwater level and prevent waterlogging. Effective drainage ensures healthier crop development and better yields.
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