Luxi White Goose is renowned for its rapid growth, strong resistance to rough feeding, high appetite, superior meat quality, and excellent feather characteristics. It is also known for producing a large amount of cashmere-like down. Adult males typically weigh between 5.5 to 6.5 kg, while females range from 5 to 6 kg. Under extensive farming conditions, 60-day-old geese can reach 3 to 3.5 kg. Each adult goose produces about 150–200 grams of feathers (excluding Otsuka), with 40–60 grams being pure cashmere. Professor Zhao Zhaoyu from the College of Animal Science and Technology at Anhui Agricultural University emphasized that successful breeding of the Luxi White Goose requires passing through "four critical stages."
First, maintaining proper temperature, humidity, and brooding conditions is essential. Goslings (0–3 weeks old) have underdeveloped digestive systems, weak thermoregulation, and are sensitive to moisture, cold, and heat. For the first week, the temperature should be kept at 26–28°C, decreasing gradually to 22–25°C in the second week, 18–21°C in the third week, and 16°C by the fourth week. Fluctuations in temperature can lead to indigestion or excessive fluff loss. Therefore, careful monitoring and adjustment are necessary. De-warming usually occurs around 3 weeks of age, with full weaning by 4 weeks in winter. If temperatures drop suddenly, especially at night, additional warmth should be provided gradually.
Humidity control is also crucial. Excess moisture in the litter can cause colds and diarrhea. Litter should be changed daily, dried in the sun before use, and the environment should remain well-ventilated and dry.
Grouping goslings based on size and health helps manage them more effectively. Each group should ideally contain 100–500 birds. Sick or weak individuals should be isolated and treated promptly. Bathing in clean, shallow water on sunny days can promote feather development and metabolism. Geese should be allowed to bathe 2–3 times a day after they adapt, and they should be kept in water until their feathers dry before returning to the shelter.
Second, timely supplementation of feed and concentrates is important. Young geese primarily consume green feed such as chicory, ryegrass, and bitter leeks. Studies show that improving the base diet can enhance growth rates. Goslings aged 1–5 days should be fed 5–6 times daily, including one time at night. As they grow, feeding frequency increases to 6–8 times per day, with 2–5 nighttime meals. From day 5–7, grazing on fresh grass can begin, starting with short periods and gradually increasing duration and distance. Fresh water should always be available, and if needed, an additional drinking station should be set up. Green fodder must be tender and clean, and feed changes should be gradual to avoid digestive issues.
Third, ensuring good health and disease prevention is vital. Regular cleaning and disinfection of coops, feeding areas, and water troughs help prevent outbreaks. Disinfectants like 1–3% sodium hydroxide, 10–20% lime milk, or 0.1% benzalkonium bromide can be used. Vaccination against gosling plague is also recommended to improve survival rates.
Fourth, adjusting feed properly during the fattening phase is key. After 8 weeks of age, non-breeding geese should enter the fattening stage, which lasts 2–3 weeks. Grazing should be gradually reduced and stopped, while ensuring access to water. Feed should be rich in carbohydrates (corn, rice, wheat, etc.), with energy content above 11924.4 kJ/kg and protein levels between 14–15%. Feeding should occur 4 times daily, including once at night, with a density of 3–4 geese per square meter. After 2–3 weeks, weight gain reaches 30–40%, with well-developed breast muscles and visible fat deposits, indicating readiness for market.
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