Luxi White Goose is a remarkable breed known for its fast growth, strong resistance to rough feeding, high feed intake, superior meat quality, and excellent feather characteristics. It is particularly valued for its high-quality cashmere-like down. Adult males typically weigh between 5.5 to 6.5 kilograms, while females range from 5 to 6 kilograms. Under extensive rearing conditions, 60-day-old geese can reach 3 to 3.5 kilograms. Each adult goose produces about 150 to 200 grams of feathers (excluding Otsuka), with 40 to 60 grams being pure cashmere. Professor Zhao Zhaoyu from the College of Animal Science and Technology at Anhui Agricultural University emphasized that successful breeding of the Luxi White Goose requires passing through four critical stages.
First, maintaining proper temperature, humidity, and brooding conditions is essential. Goslings, which are 0–3 weeks old, have underdeveloped digestive systems, weak thermoregulation, and are highly sensitive to environmental changes. They are easily affected by cold, heat, and moisture. For the first week, the temperature should be kept at 26–28°C, gradually decreasing to 22–25°C in the second week, 18–21°C in the third, and 16°C in the fourth. Overheating can cause fluff loss, while cold exposure may lead to indigestion. Brooding should be adjusted accordingly, and goslings are usually fully de-warmed by 3 weeks, with full weaning around 4 weeks in winter. During this period, temperature fluctuations must be managed carefully.
Second, ensuring proper humidity and cleanliness is crucial. Wet litter can lead to colds and diarrhea in goslings. Litter should be changed daily, dried in the sun before use, and the house should remain well-ventilated and dry. Goslings should be grouped based on size and health, with each group containing 100–500 birds. Sick or weak individuals should be isolated and given extra care. Bathing is also beneficial; once they adapt to grazing, they can be allowed to bathe in shallow water 2–3 times a day on sunny days, helping to maintain feather health.
Third, timely feeding and supplementation are key. Goslings primarily consume green feed like chicory, ryegrass, and bitter leeks. Studies show that improving the base diet can accelerate growth. Young goslings should be fed 5–6 times daily, including one night feeding, and as they grow, the frequency increases to 6–8 times, with 2–5 nighttime meals. From day 5–7, controlled grazing on sunny days is recommended, starting with short periods and gradually increasing time and distance. Clean, tender green fodder is essential, and feed changes should be gradual to avoid digestive issues.
Fourth, disease prevention and health management are vital. Regular cleaning and disinfection of the coop, feeding areas, and water sources using solutions like sodium hydroxide, lime milk, or benzalkonium bromide can prevent outbreaks. Vaccination against gosling plague is also advised.
Finally, during the fattening phase, geese over 8 weeks old should be transitioned to a high-energy diet rich in carbohydrates like corn and wheat. This diet should provide at least 11924.4 kJ/kg of energy and 14–15% protein. Feeding should occur 4 times a day, including one at night, with a density of 3–4 geese per square meter. After 2–3 weeks, their weight increases by 30–40%, with well-developed breast muscles and visible fat deposits, indicating they are ready for market.
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