For rice cultivation, the choice between open field wet seedlings and plastic tray dry seedlings depends on the variety. Mid-maturing varieties are best sown between June 20 and June 25, while late-maturing ones should be sown between June 15 and June 20. When using plastic tray dry seedlings, planting should occur 2 to 3 days earlier. Before sowing, seeds should be disinfected by soaking them in a strong chlorine solution for 12 hours, followed by a 24-hour soak in an uniconazole solution at 80–100 mg/L. This helps achieve a germination rate of over 90%. For wet seedlings, the seeding rate is 20 grams per square meter, while for floppy trays, it's 22–25 grams per tray. Wet irrigation should be applied before emergence. If uniconazole treatment isn't used beforehand, after one leaf and one heart have developed, apply 200 grams of 15% paclobutrazol per acre in dry conditions, using 100 kg of water for spraying. The application should be done 12–24 hours after the first spray. Monitoring for pests like rice planthoppers, blast, and borer is essential throughout the growing season.
After harvesting early rice, no-tillage or straw-returning tillage can be employed. Apply 250 ml of herbicide per mu without water, mixed with 36 kg of water, to control blast and weeds under dry conditions. After 1–2 days of flooding, transplanting is carried out in two stages—70% of the plants first, then 30% later. Leave an aisle between rows. The bed width should be approximately 3 meters.
The transplanting density is about 25 holes per square meter (17,000 per mu), with 2 seedlings per hole. The standard spacing is 20 cm x 20 cm. It’s recommended to use a narrow-row, wide-row pattern—16.7 cm by 23.3 cm—while maintaining a minimum of 25 holes per square meter.
Intermittent aerobic irrigation is practiced by allowing the field to dry naturally for 2–3 days after watering, then re-watering until maturity. Throughout the growth cycle, water management mainly involves dry or shallow wet irrigation. Once the number of stems reaches 85% of the target panicle count, or when there are 200,000 seedlings per acre, the field should be lightly puddled and the soil surface hardened to prevent excessive vegetative growth. After the booting stage, alternate dry and wet irrigation is used, and irrigation should be stopped about 10 days before harvest.
Fertilizer application should be balanced based on soil fertility and nutrient uptake. Apply base fertilizer and top dressing using compound fertilizers. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be adjusted according to the color of the leaves. Use a leaf color chart: if readings are above 4.0, reduce fertilizer; if below 3.5, increase it. This ensures optimal growth and resource efficiency.
Before planting, use 35% Anwei seed coating to effectively manage pests. Spray long-lasting pesticides 3–5 days before harvesting in flooded fields. During the seedling stage, control weeds using herbicides such as benzyl chloride (100–120 g per acre) mixed with 30 kg of water. Other herbicides suitable for transplanting or throwing rice can also be applied during the tillering stage, along with maintaining a shallow water layer for 5 days to suppress weed growth. Focus on controlling species like *S. japonicus*, *S. japonicum*, and rice planthoppers during critical growth periods.
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