In the Beijing suburbs, summer sowing soybeans were sown on the wheat bran, highlighting the word “earlyâ€. However, the emergence characteristics of soybeans have higher requirements on the height of wheat stubble and the quality of straw crushing, and their growth and development characteristics are also different from those of spring soybean.
First, the choice of species. Soybean varieties with obvious precociousness should be selected. From June 20 onwards, the growth period should be 90-100 days. At the same time, the summer sowing soybean growth and development period is the season of high temperature, high humidity and grass, requiring varieties of disease resistance, strong adaptability, high yield potential, special grain quality outstanding, such as early maturing 18, Hefeng 25, cowpea 12 , 9588 and so on.
Second, the former processing and sowing. In order to sow seeds as soon as possible, summer soybean rushed to prepare, often wheat after the harvest is not enough brothel, so the late wheat filling water to be filled with sufficient irrigation, and strive to achieve a dual purpose, to ensure the soybean sowing on the demand for lyrics. Summer sowing soybeans require wheat to be kept at about 20 centimeters. The comminution of the straw should be fine and uniform, and it must not affect the phenomenon of opener passing through. Moreover, the procedure should be simplified as much as possible during the entire harvesting and rinsing process, and the soil should not be over-tightened, affecting the rooting and emergence of soybeans.
Third, sowing quality requirements. 1, through the selection, drying to improve the purity and quality of seeds, so that the germination rate of 90%. According to the production conditions, the use of coating, ammonium molybdate seed dressing, rhizobia seed dressing, etc., lay the foundation for improving seedling quality. 2. Adjust the sowing depth to 3-4 cm according to the texture of the soil and the moisture content. The uniform grain size, consistent depth and depth, and the quality of seed and soil cover are all good. Strongly branched, fertile, early sowing, round-leaved varieties, reference densities 1.5-1.8 thousand; low-spiked, late-seeding, sharp-leaved varieties, reference density 2.2-3 0,000 strains. Line spacing 40-50 cm.
Fourth, management. No-tillage sowing of summer soybeans, due to the special nature of seasons and farmland ecological conditions, often weeds occur severely and affect the growth of soybeans. Soybeans should be chemically weeded before the seedlings are sown by the combination of soil treatment and stem-leaf treatment. It is also necessary to strengthen the cultivating, weeding and soil loosening and promote seedling growth. According to experience, the key is to eliminate grassland before soybean ridges are enclosed.
Summer soybeans have a short growing period and cannot be over-seeded. To achieve growth can not lack of water and fertilizer, promote the formation of a certain degree of flourishing vegetative body as soon as possible before flowering. Sufficient water supply during the flowering stage can effectively reduce the loss of calyx and increase the weight of one hundred grains. The soil moisture content at the seedling stage should be maintained at about 20%, and it should be maintained at more than 20% during the flowering stage. Base fertilizer and sowing layer deep or lateral application, based on 30 kg of compound fertilizer (8:10:7) per mu, topdressing 5-10 kg of ammonium sulfate during flowering. After emergence, pests and diseases are easy to occur, especially after ridge-sealing.
When the clams are dry and the old yellow leaves fall off, they must be harvested in time to prevent cracking before harvesting.
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