Breeding Management of Egg Breeder Breeding Period

Broilers are chickens from 7 to 20 weeks of age. The chickens mainly complete bones, body weight, fallopian tubes and ovarian development during the rearing period. During this period, the chickens need higher energy to ensure the increase of body weight, so as to achieve high-yield, stable production of chickens and normal production performance. Therefore, the rearing period of the flock is crucial for the whole breeding process.

Nutritional characteristics of broiler chickens

In order to allow the broiler chicken to start production in due time, avoid over-fertilization and precocity, reduce its fat deposition, and prepare for later weight control, therefore, the protein level of the diet at this stage should not be too high, calcium should not be too much. Generally, the crude protein content in diets from 7 weeks to 14 weeks of age is 16%; the crude protein content from 14 weeks to 20 weeks is 12% to 14%; as the age increases, the dietary nutrition level will gradually increase. Decline, mainly increase the green roughage, but vitamins, minerals to meet the needs, in particular, to ensure bone development, so the ratio of calcium and phosphorus requirements are reasonable, generally 2.0 ~ 2.5:1.

Breeding management

The goal of this stage is to achieve the synchronization of body maturation and sexual maturation, so that the chickens lay their eggs at normal open age to fully develop the production performance of the flocks. According to the physiological and nutritional needs of the flock during the breeding period, the management points of the flock during the breeding period should be clarified.

Restricted feeding during the rearing period

Restricted feeding can control the growth of the flock and control sexual maturity. Chickens in the free-feeding state, except for summer, have excessive feeding, which will not only result in the waste of feed, affect economic efficiency, but also cause the machine to accumulate fat that is overweight. Excessive fat, easy to produce soft eggs, easy to rectal prone to fat, fatty liver, high mortality, and can easily lead to precocious puberty, prone to chicken production of large eggs, resulting in difficult and fatal chickens.

During the breeding period, the body weight should be measured at any time. Based on the sampling condition, it is determined whether or not to continue feeding or limiting the amount of feeding. If the chicken population weight is lower than the standard body weight by 10%, the material is increased by 1%, and vice versa. Restricted feeding should ensure that the chicken has only enough space for eating, ensuring synchronization of chicken intake, ensuring that 80% of the birds are feeding, and 20% of the birds can drink water.

Before the restriction of feeding, they should be grouped easily. The thin and weak chickens should be fed separately. Attention must be paid to the complete nutrition of the feed during the restriction. During feeding restriction, if there are other stresses such as vaccination, morbidity, etc., it should be restored to free feeding.

Weight and uniformity control

The weight of broiler chickens was positively correlated with body weight and egg weight during the laying period, and also affected the opening age and laying rate. A good weight will not only allow the chickens to start production in due course, but also have a high egg production rate. Otherwise, even if the production is started in advance, adverse effects such as prolapse of the rectum and salpingitis will occur.

According to actual production statistics, normal and non-normal weight chickens will result in differences of 35 to 40 eggs throughout the egg production period. Generally, the uniformity of the broiler chicken should be more than 80%. If it is less than 70%, the husbandry and management should be improved. Practice has proved that only when the weight of a flock conforms to the variation range required by the species (or line) can the performance performance conferred by genetic performance be expressed, ie, the egg production rate, the number of eggs laid, and the survival rate of the hens are all expressed. It is optimal; when the weight is lower than the optimal weight range, the above indicators decrease significantly; when the weight exceeds the optimal weight range, the indicators are equally significant.

Weighing is an important measure in weight control. Only weighing in detail can control the weight and evenness of broiler chickens. Feeding on overweight chickens is limited, and feedings are increased for low-weight chickens. When measuring the evenness of the chicken group below 70%, especially when it is seriously lower than the average body weight, the cause should be analyzed promptly, such as disease, feeding uniformity, density, management, etc., and be taken according to the reasons. Corresponding weight gain measures.

Fertility management

Illumination control is the main way to control the sexual maturity of the flock. Especially after 10 days of age, the effect of light on the sexual maturity of broiler chickens becomes more and more obvious. During the rearing period, under the same husbandry and management conditions, the same breed of chickens affected the degree of sexual maturation by various lighting regimes: gradual reduction method> natural lighting> incremental method.

According to the experiment, the light gradually decreased from 22 hours per day when the chickens started eating to 18 weeks old and 6 hours per day. The chickens were born at 169 days of age, and from the beginning to the start of the laying, the light was kept constant for 6 hours per day. The age was 158 days. If it was constant for 22 hours, the production date was 151 days. The light was increased from 6 hours per day to 18 hours per day for 22 hours, and the chicken was only 139 days old. Closed-type broiler houses can use constant light because they are not affected by outside light. They are 0-week to 1-week 23-hour light, and 2-week to 20-week old light is constant from 8 hours to 9 hours. The use of light during the laying period begins at 21 weeks of age and there should be no light leakage in the closed house.

During the growing period, the main control of the body maturity and sexual maturity of the flock is to pay attention to the other feeding and management of the flock, pay attention to the ventilation and drinking water of the house, avoid the occurrence of various diseases, and ensure the synchronization of mature chickens and sexual maturity. , so that the normal performance of chicken production performance, to achieve the economic benefits of farmers.

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