There are four common disinfection methods.
Mechanical elimination
Removal of feces, dirt, and dust from walls, roofs, floors, cages, nets, etc. is mainly done by sweeping, scrubbing, and ventilation.
2. Physical disinfection method
Utilize the strong bactericidal power of ultraviolet rays in the sunlight, in the summer, the cleaned utensils are exposed to sunlight for sterilization.
3. Chemical disinfection
Common chemical disinfectants such as dipping, soaking, spraying, spraying, and fumigation can be used to disinfect internal and external walls, floors, drinking water, and utensils.
4. Biological disinfection method
The excrement and litter of chicken coops are often piled up or buried, the pathogens are killed by fermentation, and harmless organic fertilizers can be generated.
Second, the type of disinfectant
Disinfectants are drugs that rapidly kill pathogenic microorganisms in the surrounding environment in a short period of time. The ideal disinfectant should meet: broad spectrum, high efficiency; good stability, easy preservation, good solubility; no toxic effects on humans and poultry, little irritation, no residue; bactericidal effect is not easily affected by external organic matter, protein, temperature and humidity, etc. Impact; non-corrosive to metal, wood and plastic products; and low price, easy to purchase and other conditions. However, the current disinfectants are difficult to fully meet the above conditions, and must be screened for use.
Commonly used disinfectants are broadly divided into the following six types:
1. Phenolic disinfectants: such as carbolic acid, oleic acid, compound phenols (bactericidal agents), etc.
2. Aldehyde disinfectants: such as commonly used formalin (40% formaldehyde solution), solid formaldehyde and so on.
3. Alkaline disinfectants: such as sodium hydroxide (caustic soda, fire alkali), quicklime (calcium oxide) and so on.
4. Halogen-based disinfectants: Divided into chlorine-containing disinfectants and iodine disinfectants. Chlorine-containing disinfectants include bleaching powder, sodium hypochlorite, chloramine, superior chlorine, and chlorine dioxide. Iodophor disinfectants include iodophor, complex iodine, Aidifu, Andrefoss.
5. Strong oxidant disinfectants: such as hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, potassium permanganate and so on.
6. Quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants: As early as commonly used benzalkonium bromide, few double-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants have been used in recent years, such as 100 toxins and 1210 disinfectants.
Third, disinfection measures
1. Disinfection of the surrounding environment
A disinfection tank is set in front of the gate of the chicken farm (house). 2% caustic soda solution or quicklime water is used in the tank, and salt is added in winter to prevent freezing. The disinfectant should be changed regularly, and the personnel (vehicles) entering or exiting must go through the disinfectant pool to make it fully sterilized. If the conditions do not allow, a foot disinfection pad can be set in front of the chicken house door, remembering that it must be soaked with disinfectant and cannot be dried. Regularly improve the environmental sanitation of chicken coops, timely remove wastes such as garbage and chicken excrement from the house and transport them away from the coop to be biologically sterilized, and periodically kill the flies, eliminate rodents and eliminate cockroaches. Dead chickens should be buried deep or incinerated outside the house and must not be thrown away.
2. Disinfection of personnel
When the keeper enters the henhouse, he must step on the disinfection pool (mat), replace the special work clothes and shoes, and work clothes should be washed and disinfected regularly. Pay attention to the disinfection of the hands. Wash the hands with disinfectant before entering the house and wash them with clean water. Care must be taken not to arbitrarily chain each other out, but it is also necessary to decline foreign visitors.
3. Disinfection
The purpose of sterilizing an empty shed is to create a clean and comfortable environment for the flock in the rearing process, removing pathogens (bacteria and viruses, etc.) from the flock and the external environment. The production of chicken hens in the production of chicken hens has a direct impact on the health of the flock, and disinfection of empty hen houses must be done.
All-in and all-out systems are implemented. After the vacant room, sinks, feeds, and trays will be moved out of the house as soon as possible, and soaked in disinfectant solution and rinsed. Clean, scrape dust, cobwebs, garbage, feces, litter, transported to a fixed place outside the home plus disinfectant harmless treatment. Rinse the roof, walls, floor, and equipment fixed in the house with clean water (conditionally with a high-pressure water gun). After checking the absence of manure, use a 2% sodium hydroxide solution or 0.3% peroxy acetic acid to spray and disinfect twice. .
Replace the disinfected and cleaned utensils and leave empty for 2 to 4 weeks. 3 to 4 days before entering the chicken house, close the doors and windows, fumigate for 24 hours after using 14 to 28 milliliters of formalin and 7 to 14 grams of potassium permanganate per cubic meter. Open the doors and windows, naturally ventilated until tasteless. Close doors and windows. However, note that fumigation must be carried out at room temperature above 25°C and relative humidity between 75% and 80%, otherwise it will affect the disinfection effect. One day before entering the chicken, the chicken house was sterilized with litter.
4. Daily disinfection
1 chicken disinfection commonly used 0.3% peracetic acid or 0.05% to 0.1% 100 poison kill disinfectant spray disinfection. The droplet diameter should be controlled between 80 and 120 microns. The spraying distance should be about 50 centimeters from the bird and the spraying action should be slow to prevent surprises. It is usually selected in the evening or in the dark, but spray disinfection is prohibited when the chicken has respiratory diseases. If the droplet diameter is too small or the frequency of sterilization is too frequent, respiratory mucosa may be damaged, resulting in reduced resistance to disease and inducing respiratory diseases. At the same time, it also interferes with the immune response after inoculation of live vaccines by respiratory tracts such as nasal drops or eye drops, resulting in poor or unsuccessful immune responses.
2 Drinking water disinfection Potassium permanganate is usually diluted to 0.01% or 100% (content is 50%) diluted 1:1000 to 2000 for free drinking.
Fourth, pay attention to matters
1. Do not use the same disinfectant for a long period of time, as microorganisms will develop drug resistance over a long period of continuous exposure to the same disinfectant, so several different types of disinfectants should be selected for crossover or rotation.
2. Remove the feces and dirt from the environment before disinfection, that is, after the mechanical elimination work is completed, the disinfection effect can be ensured.
3. In the daily feeding, the most important thing is not only the chemical disinfection work, but also the maximum ventilation under the condition of ensuring the optimum temperature of the chicken house. That is, ventilation and ventilation are also important and effective disinfection measures.
4. Spray disinfection or drinking water disinfection should be avoided 3 days before and after the vaccination, so as not to affect the immune effect.
5. The quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant can quickly infiltrate into the bacterial cell membrane and change the permeability of the cell membrane to achieve the bactericidal effect. Its performance is stable, is affected by the pH value of the environment, and it has better inactivation ability against common viruses in chickens, but it has poor efficacy against spores and non-enveloped viruses (such as IBDV), while the chlorine preparations and the halogens of iodine Disinfectants have a good killing effect on IBDV. It is recommended that chicken spray disinfection be used alternately with quaternary amine salts and iodine attachment preparations.
6. Disinfection frequency should be controlled in the spring, summer and autumn 3 seasons, disinfection once a week, summer disinfection should use spray disinfection, is conducive to sunstroke cooling; winter every 10 to 15 days disinfection 1, should use drinking water disinfection. If infectious diseases are popular, it is best to sterilize them once a day.
7. Disinfectant should be strictly according to the concentration ratio, and try to use the current distribution, once used up. Diluted with warm water when preparing, so that the disinfection effect is good, because the temperature of 1 °C per liter of disinfectant, sterilization efficacy increased 1 times, but the water temperature can not exceed 45 °C.
8. Two disinfectants with incompatibility cannot be used at the same time. For example, simultaneous application of acid and alkali can cause a neutralization reaction and reduce the disinfection effect.
Spectionmycin Lincomycin Soluble Powder
Spectinomycin Hydrochloride And Lincomycin,Hydrochloride Soluble Powder,Spectinomycin Hydrochloride Livestock,Spectinomycin Hydrochloride Swine
Shandong Shengli Bioengineering Co., Ltd , https://www.shenglipharm.com