Rot Disease This disease is the most important branch disease of apple trees. It formed necrotic lesions on the cortex in October and slowly expanded in the winter. Some parts of the second spring may spread to rot lesions. Bacteria inside and outside the spot become the source of the disease in the following year. Spraying 40% of Formamide 100 times once in the whole garden in November will kill pathogens in necrotic spots and greatly reduce the disease in the following year.
Ringworm Disease The disease is the most important fruit and branch disease of apple, and the Fuji varieties are particularly affected. The pathogenic bacteria inside and outside the ring vein lesions on branches are the source of important pathogens for fruit damage in the following year. In winter and spring seasons, we must seize the opportunity to prevent and treat them.
Dry rot of dry rot disease branches and dry rot bacteria on various dry branches are also important pathogenic bacteria for the incidence of fruit in the following year. It is very important to make good orchard sanitation after falling leaves.
Anthrax This disease is an important fruit disease in some orchards. The pathogens mainly overwinter on dead branches and weak branches; they can also pass through the winter on the branches of locusts around the orchard; and the pathogens on the trees and on the fallen fruits can also overwinter. The orchard where the disease occurs must be cleared up.
The main rot disease of Penicillium during storage and transportation. The diseased fruit is soft and juicy and has a strong musty taste. The lesions are covered with a green and mildew layer. In the later period, the diseased fruit was dehydrated and shrank, leaving only one peel. The disease is a disease during storage and transportation, which mainly damages the wounded fruit; the disease may spread and cause serious losses when the storage temperature is high (above 10°C). Failure to enter the pit and storage at low temperatures is a key measure for prevention and control.
Occurrence of pox spot and bitter pit may occur before harvest, and storage period may also occur. A circular black necrotic spot was formed centering on the lenticel, and the lesion was slightly flushed outside the lesion, which destroyed the appearance quality but did not lead to rotten fruit. The diameter of the lesions of pox spot does not exceed 2 mm and the depth does not exceed 1 mm; the bitter spot of bitter pox is larger, generally 2 to 5 mm, sometimes more than 5 mm, and the depth exceeds 2 mm. Both diseases were caused by lack of calcium in fruits, and after harvesting, it was controlled by dipping fruit with 1% calcium nitrate solution.
Brown spot disease is an important leaf disease that causes deciduous fruit. The pathogens can only overwinter on diseased leaves, clean the leaves in time, and bury or burn them, which can reduce the incidence of the following year.
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