I. Brief introduction of economic characteristics and market prospects
Choerospondias axillaris is a large tree with a height of 30 meters and a DBH of 1 meter or more. Its wood is red in heartwood, straight and beautiful in texture, easy to process, resistant to decay and water. For construction, furniture, plywood, shipbuilding, etc., is also a good raw material for the cultivation of mushrooms, mushroom species for the good.
Second, the ecological characteristics
Choerospondias axillaris grows naturally in our province under a moist, fertile valley, sloping land, and a wide-leaved forest next to the ditch. Positive species. Deep rooting, horizontal root development. Strong budding. It can grow in acidic, neutral, and calcareous soils. Hi grows in places where the soil is deep and where water is abundant, and it grows poorly in thin, dry or vents, ponds, and saline-alkali soils.
IV. Afforestation Technology
4.1 Seed Picking: Southern jujube fruit ripening from September to October, when the peel from the green to yellow knocked down or picked up after falling naturally, stacking mash, wash away the flesh, dry mixed sand. About 15 kilograms of seeds per 50 kilograms of fruit, 2250 to 3000 grams of grain weight, germination rate of 60 to 90%.
4.2 Nursery: Two types of sowing and burying are the main methods for sowing. Choose loose fertile, well-drained soil for the nursery, per acre applied rotted bar fertilizer 1000 kg. The seeds are sown from December to March of next year and soaked in warm water at 50°C for 1 to 2 days before sowing. 40 kg per acre sowing, row spacing 30 cm, spacing 15 cm or so, sowing seeds upwards, after sowing the thickness of the cover is 3 cm. When the seedlings exhibited the first pair of true leaves, the cloudy days were selected in combination with the seedlings to transplant the plants. After the early July, when the seedlings enter into a vigorous growth period, the fertilizer should be applied once every 15 days. This can be done in combination with loose soil after the rain. In mid-August, the application of nitrogen fertilizer was stopped to control the growth of the seedlings in the late period and increase the lignification of the seedlings. The seedlings in the middle and late October stopped growing. One-year-old seedlings more than 1 meter high, diameter 1 to 1.5 centimeters, 7000 to 8000 per mu seedlings.
Buried root seedlings: The main lateral roots with a diameter of 0.8 cm or more were selected after the seedlings were lifted, cut into 12 cm long cuttings, and lined with 3 cm thick soil to form hillocks. When the adventitious buds germinate after germination, the soil is sealed and the sprouting strip grows to about 6 cm. Fertilizer management such as seedlings. The seedlings were generally slightly higher than the seedlings that year and the lateral roots were more developed.
4.3 Afforestation: Choerospondias axillaris is mainly planted by afforestation. Afforestation should be carried out in early March. It is better to follow the seedlings and afforestation. Afforestation by cutting off can be used to increase the survival rate, and it is beneficial to cultivate upright trunks.
Site preparation method: According to the site slope size and soil loss, the general afforestation with mountain slope above 25 degrees adopts strip preparation; the slope is small and the terrain is relatively flat to promote massive block preparation and dig large holes (606040 cm) for afforestation.
Afforestation density: It depends on the purpose of establishment, management level, and site conditions. As a short-rotation mushroom forest can be used 1 meter 2 meters or 1.5 meters 2 meters, such as the cultivation of large diameter materials available 2 meters 2 meters or 2 meters 3 meters, but also with Chinese fir, Du Ying and other tree species to create a mixed forest.
V. Annual management: Before the closure of young forests, the annual cultivating and weeding operations are conducted 1 to 2 times a year. The first time before the arrival of the peak of tree growth in May to June, and combined with cultivating and weeding and chemical fertilizer 1, the second time is 7-8. Month, conditional combination of a top dressing. Tending for three consecutive years, the forest closed.
VI. Thinning period: According to the growth status of the stand, when the canopy density reaches 0.9 to 1, the growth of the tree height is slowed down, and the first thinning occurs when the individual trees are differentiated. In the fifth year after the afforestation, the pure forest of Choerospondias axillaris was cut off, and some of the poorly grown and dense trees were cut off, creating favorable environmental conditions for the growth and development of the remaining trees. The thinning intensity is 20 to 30%, and after 2 to 3 years of cultivation of large-diameter materials, when the canopy density is restored to 0.9 to 1, the second thinning should be carried out, and finally 30 to 40 plants per mu are reserved.
The final harvest period: The final harvest period is determined according to the business purpose and the growth and development of the tree species. As a short-rotation period mushroom forest cultivation, South Jujube planting afforestation, intensive management conditions, 7-8 years, the final harvest per acre of biological yield more than 10,000 kilograms. After the harvest, budding is updated. Cultivate large-diameter timber timber forest for 20 to 25 years.
VII. Pest Control:
Gold flower worm, moth larvae: larvae feeding on wild jujube leaves, when serious can eat all the leaves of the tree shoots, so that tree vigor decline. Prevention methods: to create a mixed forest; the use of adult insects of false death, shaking the trunk to make it fall and eliminate it; larvae with 90% of the trichlorfon or marathon 500 ~ 600 times spraying, pests into the forest available Insecticide smoke kills.
VIII. Construction design of southern acid jujube (mushroom forest) construction afforestation
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