Planting fresh jujubes can help farmers become wealthy quickly. Here’s why this fruit has become a hot topic among agricultural entrepreneurs:
1. **Strong Market Competitiveness**: Jujube is a unique Chinese fruit with high international demand. In the European market, fresh jujubes can be sold for up to $36 per kilogram (about RMB 288), showing great profitability. This strong export potential makes it an attractive crop for farmers looking to boost their income.
2. **High Nutritional Value**: Jujubes are known as "the vitamin pill" due to their high vitamin C content—80 times that of apples, 60 times that of bananas, and 30 times that of oranges. They also help in preventing arteriosclerosis, improving skin health, and even have anti-cancer properties. In major cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, they sell for around RMB 60 per kilogram, making them a popular and profitable choice.
3. **Quick Path to Wealth**: Farmers can see significant returns within just a few years. For example, planting large seedlings can yield 500 kg in the first year, generating about RMB 5,000. By the second year, production doubles to 1,000 kg, and by the third year, it can reach 1,500–2,000 kg, leading to substantial income growth.
4. **Early Harvest Advantage**: Yuanmou’s unique climate allows for early harvests, typically from late June to early July. This gives farmers a competitive edge over other regions. The price in Beijing can reach up to RMB 60 per kilogram, and once international brands are established, export prices could double.
5. **Easy to Grow**: The cultivation process is not complicated. It requires minimal investment—around RMB 1,000 per mu. With proper management and group planting, farmers can turn their land into a profitable business within three years, potentially becoming millionaires.
To achieve high quality and high yields in one season, here are some key steps:
- **Timely Planting**: In Yuanmou, it's best to plant before the Spring Festival. This allows seedlings to root quickly and grow vigorously, ensuring early flowering and fruiting.
- **Proper Soil Preparation**: Dig deep pits (50–70 cm), mix in organic fertilizers, compost, and compound fertilizers. Ensure the soil is well-drained and nutrient-rich.
- **Use Strong Seedlings**: Choose healthy seedlings with a diameter of 0.8–1 cm, 1 meter tall, with well-developed roots and no damage.
- **Seedling Care**: Soak seedlings in water overnight before planting. Use rooting powder if possible, and water thoroughly after planting to prevent dryness.
**Garden Management Tips**:
- **Optimal Spacing**: Adjust planting density based on conditions. A spacing of 2 meters between rows and 1.5 meters between plants is ideal for maximizing yield and sunlight exposure.
- **Pruning and Training**: Regular pruning helps maintain balance between growth and fruiting. Summer and winter pruning, along with training techniques, ensures strong tree development.
- **Fertilizer and Water Management**: Focus on organic and bio-fertilizers. Avoid overuse of nitrogen and ensure proper watering during critical stages—before flowering, after fruiting, and avoid flooding during fruit development.
- **Pest Control**: Due to the high sugar content, jujubes are prone to pests. Use Bordeaux mixture or lime sulfur every 7–10 days, and incorporate biological pesticides for safer and more sustainable control.
- **Pollination Strategy**: Plant multiple varieties to ensure cross-pollination. For example, pair “Xiangzao†with “Jinzhong No. 4†to improve fruit set and quality.
**Establishing a Nursery Base**:
Currently, there is a growing interest in jujube cultivation in Yuanmou, but it hasn’t reached a large-scale level yet. Once successful prototypes are established, a surge in planting is expected. To meet the demand, a nursery base is essential. For 20,000 mu of land, 6.6 million seedlings would be needed at RMB 3 each, totaling RMB 19.8 million. Establishing a nursery not only meets this need but also offers a fast path to wealth for local farmers.
**Cooperation Opportunities**:
The Yuanmou Fresh Jujube Association offers two cooperation models:
1. **Grafting and Technical Support**: For local jujube or Taiwan Daqing varieties, the association provides free grafting services and technical support. The cost is 2 yuan per bud, or farmers can pay with 1 kg of jujubes per fruit after harvest.
2. **Shared Income Model**: Farmers provide land, labor, and basic inputs, while the association supplies seedlings and technical guidance. After the second year, profits are split 3:7, with farmers receiving the larger share.
By leveraging these strategies, farmers can turn jujube cultivation into a sustainable and highly profitable business.
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