Begonia is a planktonic coelenterate, alternating generations of reproduction. The jellyfish reproduces the body of the leeches through sexual reproduction, and the leeches reproduce the jellyfish through horizontal reproduction. Generally speaking, jellyfish is a jellyfish body with a mushroom shape. The length of the umbrella can reach more than 35 cm and the weight can exceed 10 kg. Begonia is a kind of large jellyfish, which is high in protein and low in fat. It has a delicious taste and has high nutritional value. The products are sold well in the domestic and foreign markets, and the prices are high and demand exceeds supply. The development of seabream farming is a special aquaculture with low investment, short production cycle, low risk and high returns. At present, due to the fact that there are many diseases in shrimp farming and the yield is stable, the mixed jellyfish in the existing ordinary shrimp ponds have great potential for increasing production and increasing efficiency. In the South American white prawn rearing pool, the sea bream is mixed, and only the sea bream seedling fee and a small amount of feed fee can greatly increase the shrimp pond profit per unit area. According to the test of the Feilangzi shrimp farm in Huidong County, the technical points for the polyculture of surface crabgrass and white shrimp are as follows:
First, the site selection and treatment Aquaculture shrimp pond to choose mud or silt, good water retention, area of ​​15 acres or more, water depth of 1.2 meters or more, the proportion of seawater in the 1.010 to 1.022, the best water can be stored more than 2 meters, water quality Good, high nutrient content, easy-to-fertilize shrimp pond as a polyculture pond.
After choosing a pond, clean the sun pond before and after the Spring Festival, clean the bottom of the shrimp pond and all around the sundries, especially shells, stones and other debris that will cause damage to the jellyfish to clean, shrimp pool along the edge of the pool set protective net The protective net adopts a hole of 12 mm and a green plastic net. The protective net is supported by bamboo sticks and is 10 cm higher than the highest water level to prevent the sea otters from hitting the pool dyke and causing damage. Other measures are to be prepared in accordance with the operational requirements for white shrimp culture in South America.
Second, bait organisms cultivation of sea lice in the natural conditions of food intake of the main food cladocera, copepods and so on. The number of bait organisms is the key to the success of sea trout farming. Shrimp ponds should be fed in a timely manner to culture bait organisms after the ponds are sterilized by shrimps. When water is ingested, they should be filtered on a 100-day sieve to prevent the introduction of predator organisms and eggs and larvae. Water intake 40-60 centimeters is appropriate. After entering the water, fermented chicken manure is evenly distributed in the whole pond. The amount of shrimp ponds used per mu is 150 kg. After about one week, the food organisms can be bred. At this time, if the pool is found, In the absence of zooplankton in the sea, rotifers and copepods can be inoculated into the pool. Keep the transparency of the pool water about 30 centimeters. If the transparency is too high, add some chemical fertilizer, add 0.5 kg per mu, and add water to 80 cm depth. After the food organisms have been well-breeded, seedlings can be planted.
Third, put the seedlings
1, shrimp feeding. The temperature of Penaeus vannamei seedlings in the middle and late March is relatively stable, when the water temperature reaches above 20°C (minimum of not less than 18°C), there are enough food organisms in the pond that can be seeded. The size of the shrimp seedlings is 1 cm in length, The density is 1-15 thousand tails/mu. When the seedlings are cast, the salinity difference between the nursery and the shrimp pond should not exceed 5 ‰. The temperature difference should not exceed 5°C. If the difference is too large, the temperature should be lowered in advance at the nursery, and the salinity should be reduced. Take the pool water and put the shrimps to test the water for 24 hours to ensure safe seedlings. The time was set at 9:00-17:00 on a sunny day without wind.
2, sea locust seedlings. The sea bream is placed in the white prawn seedlings after 10 days. The size of the sea bream seedlings is 2cm in diameter and can be screened with a special 2cm-diameter sieve to ensure the survival rate of seagrass seedlings if the size is less than 2cm. The shrimp ponds should be raised with a net of 100 square meters in a small fence, and be fed with soybean milk, fish paste, copepods and leeches. At the same time, aeration is used in the small fences, and the animals are raised until they are nourished. 3 cm and then released. The seedling density is 400 shrimp per mu (size 2-3 cm). When the seedlings are cast, it is required to have a sunny day with no wind and a water temperature of 20°C or higher.
Fourth, develop management
1, feeding. After Penaeus vannamei has been inoculated, there is no need for feeding because of the abundance of food in the pond. When shrimps reach 4 cm or more, they need to be fed with artificial diet. Three times a day, 10:00 in the morning, 16:00 in the morning, and 21:00 in the evening. The feeding will be adjusted according to the weather and the food intake of the shrimp. The amount of bait. After the feeding of the jellyfish on the surface for a week, when the umbrella reaches 5 cm, it must be fed according to the stock of the food in the pond. If there are few creatures in the diet, it is necessary to feed. It is best to use copepods and rotifers for feeding. The artificial bait uses fish paste, soymilk, and corn flour, and is splashed in the whole pond. The amount of bait is adjusted according to the amount of sea bream, and it is milky white in the middle of the jellyfish when it is fed. Sinking to the bottom of the pond allows shrimp to feed without wasting.
2, water quality control. In the early stage of cultivation, water should be added. The water transparency should be controlled within 30-40 cm and the PH value should be 8.5-9. After the start of feeding, the water quality tends to be deteriorated. In order to change the water in time, the water change rate should be slow, and the temperature and salinity should not be changed drastically. If the water color concentration is too large, zeolite powder, photosynthetic bacteria and Bacillus should be used to purify the water quality. The dosage per acre is: 20 kg of zeolite powder or 3 kg of photosynthetic bacteria or 0.8 kg of Bacillus (dry product).
3. Routine management: Check the pond regularly every day during the growth period, timely capture dead individuals, regularly measure the growth of shrimp and sea lice, test the PH value of the pool water, transparency, ammonia nitrogen content, salinity, and water temperature to ensure that the pool water is in good condition.
4, prevent disease. Begonia is a lower-level animal that is not related to fish and shrimp that are currently bred and does not infect each other. At present, no diseases have been found in sea lice, and its main predators are ferocious fish and individuals with larger crabs that damage juvenile sea larvae. The diseases of Penaeus vannamei are mainly viral and bacterial diseases. It is necessary to periodically disinfect the water in the pool and disinfect it with chlorine dioxide every two weeks or after each change of water. Regular use of beneficial microorganisms eliminates ammonia nitrogen and purifies the water level. Antibacterial antivirus and Chinese herbal medicine or additives that enhance disease resistance are added to the diet to prevent shrimp disease from occurring.
V. Effects and Analysis Surface sea lice are farmed for 60-70 days. Individuals weighing 5-10 kilograms will have their harvest. When harvested, they will be picked on the surface of the water. Individuals will reach the specifications for catching and processing. Individuals will stay in the pool and continue breeding. Penaeus vannamei has a specification of 40-60 kg per kilogram. The shrimp is caught in a fixed shrimp cage. The entrance of the shrimp cage is sealed with a mesh of 10 cm, so that the shrimp can be caged and the jellyfish will not stray into the cage.
Yield. The per mu yield of South American white prawn can reach 50 kilograms, the output value is 1,500 yuan per mu, the sea bream can harvest about 80 per mu, the yield is 350-400 kilograms, and the per mu output value is 1800 yuan.
benefit. The profit of South American white shrimp is 600 yuan, the profit of sea surface is 1400 yuan, and the total profit is 2,000 yuan per mu, which is 1400 yuan more than that of pure shrimp.
Face jellyfish and South American white can make full use of the water in shrimp ponds. Begonia lived in the upper layer and shrimp was in the lower layer. At the same time, there is no disease, rapid growth, high sales price, white shrimp culture technology in South America is mature, easy to manage, fast growth, and the breeding cycle is not long. The two varieties of polyculture can promote each other and use each other. It is a new mode of shrimp farming.
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