Simplified cultivation techniques in orchard renewal

At present, in the production of fruit trees, the problem of replacement of old orchards is often encountered. Most of the fruit trees are perennial plants. Once planted, they are as few as 10 years and as many as several decades. In the process of reconstructing the old orchard, various problems will be left behind, coupled with the current shortage of labor force, poor technical skills, low survival rate after planting, slow growth of forest production, and low income. Here to introduce a simplified cultivation techniques for saving time and labor.

Build the park. Select the most suitable fruit tree species for development in the region. The tree seedlings are mainly dwarfed anvils, supplemented by dwarfing anvils. It is advisable to plant seedlings with a large number of roots and branches (flower buds) for 3 years. ~3 years can enter the full fruit period, reduce the amount of pruning, eliminating the later control crown modification.

Colonization. In the old orchards, because of long-term single planting, it is easy to cause imbalance in nutrition and serious soil diseases. The soil microbial flora is destroyed. It is necessary to reestablish a new bacterial population balance. Soil disinfection and organic fertilizer supplementation are needed to prevent new planting. The deficiency leads to yellowing death. Here we recommend a method to restore soil vigor and improve survival rate: In the digging planting hole (generally 40 to 60 cm square), add straw, weeds, organic fertilizer, etc. to cover the soil; when setting the planting water, every 50 kg. Add 1 gram of water to the “Bairui” and irrigate 3~5 strains. Fill the water once again to ensure survival. "BAIYU", because it contains a large amount of active enzymes and dozens of trace elements, can increase soil microbial activity, promote nutritional balance, and restore soil vitality.

management. In the management of the field, change the “Cultivate system” to “Soil system” and promote the tree to plant rapeseed, beans, clover, etc. In the winter, the ground temperature can be increased by 3~5°C, and in the summer, the ground temperature can be lowered by 3~5°C; Grasses can improve the growth environment of fruit tree roots, increase air permeability and beneficial biological and microbiological contents in soil, reduce surface water loss, and enhance root resistance and stability.

In fruit tree pruning, in the past, six technologies were used: short-cutting, retracting, long-distance release, thinning, turning, and slicing. The techniques were cumbersome and difficult to learn, and the trees responded strongly, resulting in fewer flowering results and wasting more nutrition. In the past few years, the use of sparse and pull-based pruning techniques has mainly been used to trim provincial workers and tree vigor. The result is stable, easy to promote, and the ergonomics can be more than doubled. A branch was continuously extended for 6 to 7 years to form a uniaxial, slender, oblique, sagging, evacuated branch. Pulling branches is an important technique for shaping and pruning. Pulling the branches in place during the shaping phase lays the foundation for maintaining the tree shape and normal results. The more you go to the upper level, the more you need to pay attention to pulling the branches. From 70 to 80 degrees to 110 degrees, the angle will increase, which will help control the tree potential. Sparse and branchlets must have plans and be removed every year. Otherwise, the tree will weaken the tree due to too many scars, leading to branch diseases. After branching, the spacing between big branches is more than 1 meter, the distance between large branches is more than 60 centimeters, the distance between Zhongzhi group is more than 40 centimeters, and the distance between branches is more than 20 centimeters.

Advocate bee pollination, early sparse flowering. Put 80 to 100 bees on the acre to save 5 to 6 labor pollinations, and increase fruit setting and fruit quality. Early flowering can reduce the waste of nutrients and the trouble of cutting young fruit with scissors, improve work efficiency, and save labor. The number of backbone branches is reduced from the level, level, and height of backbone branches, so as to reduce the difficulty of plastic surgery. After the crown is opened, the light permeability is good and the labor of bagging can be reduced.

Fruit tree production in intractable disease solution. To overcome the size of the tree year: Each plant with "big care" 1 g against 15 kg of water, with the application of organic fertilizer 10 to 30 kg irrigation, can promote nutrient accumulation of fruit trees. The weakening of the tree vigor caused by soil poisoning: Using "Biao" 1 g water to 15 kg water, adding calcium fertilizer and fluconazole to irrigate the root can improve the soil and restore the tree vigor. Deficiency disease caused by leaf yellowing, Hualian disease: with 1 gram of "Biahu" watered 30 ~ 45 kg plus virus killing agents and with the use of nutrient elements, can promote the absorption of nutrients, reduce the risk of the virus. Early spring, low temperature, cold injury and late spring cold: use "Bui care" 3 g water 15 kg plus chitin and high potassium fertilizer for foliar spray, can improve the frost resistance and post-freezing repair.

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