The cultivation of mushrooms in the bag soil can save the techniques of prodding buds and soaking water, and can create a relatively good humidity environment for the growth of shiitake mushrooms. It is considered to be a management measure with promising development. However, different methods can be adopted in different places and local conditions can be adopted.
(a) All-overlay cultivation uses 1555 cm plastic bags for loading, sterilization, inoculation, and germination as required. When the hyphae are fully matured after ripening, and the epidermis has more than 2/3 of the mycelium turning into a light brown pellicle, it can be cultivated in the ground. The trampoline is 4 to 5 meters long, 0.8 to 1 meters wide, and 35 to 40 centimeters deep. The inner wall of the bowl is well-wrought with wheat straw, and the bottom water is filled with water and poured with a small amount of concentrated lime water. Then, the fungus rod was cut off from the bag, and the residue bag was removed so that the section faced up and was placed vertically in the trampoline. The sandy loam soil was used as the confiscation material, and the debris such as grass roots and masonry were screened and covered twice in the fungus tube. The first cover was 1.5 cm thick and watered 2 times. On the second watering, the space between the bacteria cylinders was filled with soil. Every 7 to 10 days, the second time the soil is covered, and the thickness is about 0.5 cm. The soil particles should be fine, and the bed surface should be smoothed. The trampoline should be a slope shed. The shed film should cover straw or straw. When the temperature is low in winter, all the shades can be uncovered, and the lighting temperature can be increased to improve the temperature in the evening. If the temperature is suitable after covering the soil, mushroom buds can be broken out in 15-20 days. During the differentiation of mushroom buds, water is sprayed once every 2 to 3 days on the soil surface, but spraying on the mushroom body should be avoided. After ripening, harvest timely and fill with soil after harvest to avoid exposure of the bacteria cylinder. 7 to 10 days, there are mushroom buds. By adopting this method of cultivation, the soil has a strong moisturizing ability, the bacteria tube loses less moisture, the nutrition concentrates on one mushroom, and the mushroom body has a large thickness and a high quality.
(2) The 1733 cm tubular bacteriostatic bag for half-soil soil cultivation, 0.5 kg of dry material per bag, bagged in August-September, the germination time is short, and the mycelium is full for about 40 days until the primordium appears. After that, it can be soiled with bags. Choose a ground floor with a flat terrain and a convenient water source. The trampoline is 1.5 to 2 meters wide, and it is made of earthen soil with a high north and low south. The northern wall is 50 centimeters higher than the ground, the south wall is 20 centimeters higher than the ground, and the earth wall is also built on both sides of the east and west sides. And straw shade. After the leveling of the surface, use carbendazim and lime powder to kill insects. Then, after removing the bacteria bags, they are vertically arranged in a trampoline every 4 to 5 rows, leaving a 10 cm walkway in the middle. Then cover the soil. The soil-covering material is made of fine garden soil with good water-retaining properties, and the pH is adjusted to 7-8 with lime water in advance, and the gap is filled in the gap between the bacteria-sticks. The bacteria stick exposes the ground about 2 centimeters, then watering will cover the soil and cover the membrane to moisturize. When the air temperature is 20-25°C, the fungus bars exposed on the ground for 10-15 days can turn color. During the color change, the relative humidity of the surface is maintained at about 95%. In the future, once every 3 to 4 days, one heavy water is poured, and the first batch of mushrooms can be harvested within 20 to 30 days. When the mushroom buds are formed, the watering should be light to avoid splashing dirt into the bacteria pleats. In the cold season, straw curtains can be used to keep warm in the shade, and they can be grown in winter. In April and May of the following year, the temperature rose, and it was necessary to remove the film, ventilate it, shade it, or replace it with linen.
(3) arranging and cultivating mushroom plants. Unsterilize the fungus tube and cover the soil, cover the straw and soak it. After 7 to 10 days, remove the topsoil, mulch, drench the heavy water, and perform dry and wet alternate management. When a large number of mushroom buds occur, then heavy water will be poured, and no longer watering. The rain will cover the film in time as soon as it rains. As the bacteria has already sucked enough water and “wet insideâ€, creating an environment that “dry outside†will help form mushroom. The mushroom that was cultivated by this method is thick and fleshy, and the pattern is obvious. After harvesting a tidal mushroom, turn the fungus tube over, and then cover the soil for 7 to 10 days. Drench the amount of water. After 3 days, you can remove the topsoil and manage the collection of tidal mushrooms using the former method.
The mushrooms that are managed and cultivated by this method are: First, the body of the mushroom body is thick and the volume of the mushroom is large; second, the yield is increased by 40 to 50% compared to the conventional method. As long as the strains are selected properly, the bioconversion rate can reach 145. % or more, the flowering mushroom rate reaches about 60%; thirdly, the mushroom sticks can naturally turn color after bagging and soiling, and are not easily contaminated. The fourth is that the mushroom rods can fully absorb the water stored in the soil after the soil is buried, and it can save the mushroom bar in the later stage of the mushrooming process; the fifth is the provincial economy and the management is convenient, which can significantly improve the production efficiency.
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