Watermelon is one of people's favorite raw food melons. The fruit is juicy and sweet, with many vitamins and mineral salts. In recent years, the cultivation area of ​​watermelons in various areas of the city has been further increased. Now its high-yielding cultivation techniques are described as follows: 1. Select the sandy loam or loam where the sun is abundant, the terrain is high, and the drainage is convenient. Not with the previous crops are melons, soybeans and other continuous cropping, otherwise growth will inevitably weaken, the fruit will become smaller, especially with blight. The best choice is for continuous cropping of corn, sugarcane and peanut. 2. Soil preparation and tapping Watermelon root system is well developed and the distribution is deep and wide. Therefore, the soil is required to be sun-dried first and properly disinfected. Per acre can be distributed lime 100 to 120 kg, single line planting, according to the conventional 2 meters to 2.3 meters Baogou, 20 cm high, 50 cm plant spacing for lotus root, lotus root planting line ditch applied into the base fertilizer. Per acre applied to soil miscellaneous fertilizer 2500 ~ 3000 kg, peanut bran 70 ~ 80 kg, plus phosphate fertilizer 50 ~ 60 kg, compound fertilizer 60 ~ 70 kg and the amount of borax. In order to prevent underground insects, a small amount of Milur or crystal trichlorfon may be mixed in the base fertilizer. Cover the base fertilizer trench, and spray the pre-emergence herbicide acetochlor or dole, and finally cover the plastic film. 3, sowing seedlings spring sowing watermelon can be in early February to mid-March, so that the melon seedlings as far as possible in time to catch up with the fruit before the arrival of the rain, autumn sowing can be sown in mid-July to early August. The use of live seedlings or nutrition cups, due to the advantages of Miao Qi, Miao Zhuang, and provincial seedlings, currently many melon farmers use this method. The melon seedlings can be transplanted to Daejeon with 2-3 true leaves. 4. Fertilizer and Water Management The demand for N, P, and K is different in each period of the watermelon. Topdressing is mainly in nitrogen and potassium, especially potassium. The principle is that the seedling period should be light, and appropriate water production. After dressing, melon should be topdressed, such as compound fertilizer or urea-mixed potash fertilizer. Pay attention to fertilizer, after the melon should be applied as early as heavy fertilizer, the first heavy fertilizer can be applied between the points in the plant, after 5 days can be applied in the surface of the hole, the purpose of this fertilizer is to guide the root system constantly infiltrated into the base fertilizer trench Melon seedlings are full enough to eat basal fertilizers while at the same time absorbing enough fertilizer. Fertilizer dosage as appropriate, do not cause damage. During the expansion period, special attention should be paid to the application of water. Plants with poor growth potential can be diluted with 500% foliar spray with Huimanfeng multi-component liquid fertilizer or Fengbao liquid fertilizer. 5, paving the grass seedlings from the upright state to the sinuous growth can be paved in the vicinity of Gualou, in order to vines climb and prevent the nylon film due to the high temperature of the sun and burn melon seedlings. 6, the whole vine to take three kinds of vine pruning, that can leave 3 vines per plant, excess vines should be removed early, want to remove vines can leave a leaf removed. 7. Manually pollinated watermelons do not need artificial pollination for good weather, but artificial pollination can be performed at 7-10 a.m. in the morning when the weather is not good enough to affect the melons. The method is to remove the male flowers that have been opened to remove the calyx, and gently apply the male flowers to the female stigmas that have been opened to allow the pollen to cover the entire stigma. 8, stay in the melon generally can leave 3 melons per plant, that is, the main side of the cranberry leaves a melon, leaving the melon section generally selected in the second female flower, that is left in the 10th section about melon. The first female flower in each vine should be removed early. The remaining guaran should be grassed, and the contact surface should be kept dry. 9, after picking the heart and holding the melon, when the main side of the vine is about 25 knots, it is necessary to carry out topping, and control the extension of the melons so that the nutrients can be supplied to the fruits. 10, pest control watermelon focus on the prevention of blight, can be used 400 to 500 times the disease Wei, or Fumei double 500 to 800 times or 300 times with double effect Ling spray; disease can be sprayed at the beginning of the disease 50% of the toxic copper wettability Dust 500 times or 600 to 800 times that of mancozeb mixed with 75% of chlorothalonil 600 times or 40% of diethylaluminophosphate 400 times; powdery mildew can be sprayed to destroy disease or colloidal sulphur; Fly, with 25% of insecticidal double 260 times mixed with a small amount of Dimethoate to kill the effect is good, on the early Huangshou melon can be used to shoot a net of mixed dimethoate EC spray; maggots can be sprayed punnet, scorpion net or dimethoate EC Prevention and treatment; Spodoptera litura, Silverfly should be early prevention and treatment, can be used 1500 times the anti-Tai Bao blend 2000 times more efficient eradication of Baccarat or 2000 ~ 2500 times the effect of card grams spray better. 11, harvest timely harvesting fruit, not too early too late, generally about 28 to 30 days after the female flower pollination mature, when the number of days near the maturity required to test the first cut, two melons check mature, to determine mining Close period.
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