As the fall season approaches, proper management of lush green fields becomes essential. For onion cultivation, it's recommended to perform several plowing operations—approximately four times—once every half-month when the onions reach about 20 centimeters in height. Each time, the soil should be hilled up carefully, ensuring that the green leaves are not buried. The soil depth should be shallow enough to allow for proper growth without causing internal rot. Over-hilling can lead to poor development and even disease.
For fertilization, composted manure is an effective option. You can dilute the decomposed manure with water and pour it directly into the furrows, allowing the liquid to seep into the soil. Alternatively, place the decomposed manure beside the ditches and water it while stirring the soil to ensure even distribution. This process should be done three times throughout the growing season. Each application should include about 50 kg of well-rotted manure per 667 square meters. Another option is to mix 7.5 kg of urea with 12 kg of superphosphate and apply it during watering. This top-dressing should be done twice. Watering should be based on the condition of the soil—water when the ridge soil is dry, stop when it’s moist, and ensure proper drainage during heavy rains.
In terms of disease control, downy mildew and brown spot are common issues in autumn onions. A solution of aluminum phosphite (400 times dilution) and carbendazim (600 times dilution) can be alternately sprayed, with 3 to 5 applications recommended for effective control. As for pests, red spider mites and cockroaches are the main threats. Spider mites primarily affect the leaves, so prevention is key. Before cultivating the soil, it's advisable to use phoxim to eliminate any existing mites and prevent infestations. Regular monitoring and timely intervention are crucial to maintaining healthy crops.
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