Bigmouth bass is native to the United States and is a wide-temperature fish. It can survive within a water temperature range of 2°C to 34°C and a salinity value of 0 to 15 ,. The optimum water temperature is 20°C to 27°C. Largemouth bass is a typical carnivorous fish. It has a wide range of feeding habits, fierce temperament, large food intake, and rapid growth. It is an excellent breed for artificial breeding. Largemouth bass is an American scientist who grew up through genetic improvement on the basis of the Californian cormorant. It has a faster growth rate, stronger resistance to disease, and better tolerating low temperatures than the earlier introduced Californian cormorants (wintering temperature is Above 2 °C). More importantly, it has been carefully domesticated so that it can directly feed pellet feed in the culture and effectively reduce water pollution and reduce feed costs. Under normal circumstances, the feed coefficient does not exceed 1.5. Under suitable conditions, the use of 8cm ~ 10cm seedlings after 4 months of breeding can reach commercial specifications.
First, the choice of pond Largemouth bass culture ponds generally should not be too large, with 2 acres ~ 5 acres as well, water depth 1.5m ~ 2.0m. Ponds should be convenient for water injection, water sources should be adequate and non-polluting, and water quality should be neutral or slightly alkaline. In addition, the pond should also have certain power and traffic conditions to facilitate oxygenation and transportation.
Second, the pond clearing the pond clearing according to the requirements of the general culture of earthworms, earthworms, but if the bottom of the humus should be cleared too much, so as not to lead to excessive water quality and fish disease.
Third, the choice of seed Because the bigmouth bass prefer fresh live bait, and live bait is difficult to guarantee long-term supply in the culture, and easy to cause fish disease, so when selecting the seed, we must choose artificial domestication can eat The seed of artificial feed, especially the low-priced fresh live feeds in the vast inland areas, is almost absent, so the choice of domesticated largemouth bass is even more critical. The seed size is generally divided into two types: one is a seedling of 3cm to 5cm; the other is a large-size fingerling of 100g to 200g. The specifications of the seedlings should be as consistent as possible to avoid the size of the fish in the breeding process. The color of the fry must be normal, no injury, no illness, and strong vitality.
Fourth, the seed stocking and clearing the pond first add water 80cm ~ 100cm, after 7 ~ 10 days of water, the fertilizer can reach the standard of stocking summer flowers. The water temperature should be stable above 15°C when the plants are released, and the weather should be fine and windless. The northern region should generally be in the middle and early May and the south can be appropriately advanced. Stocking densities are 2000 seedlings/mu to 5000 tails/mu, and large-scale fingerlings are 1,500 fish/mu to 2500 tails/mu. Ponds with good conditions (such as flow pools, semi-flow basins) and adequate supply of feed can increase the density appropriately.
Fifth, feeding and management of large-mouthed black carp like water, so the breeding should be appropriately increased the number of water changes, and nest a small amount of flowers, white peony and carp to prevent excessive water quality. An aerator should also be provided in the pond to increase dissolved oxygen in the water and promote water exchange. Because the eel has a small habit of eating large foods, it is necessary to ensure the supply of feed during the breeding period, and timely provide palatable and nutritious high-quality feed to prevent eels from eating themselves due to lack of food. In addition, we must adhere to the early, middle, and evening patrols, observe the ground, and take timely measures to identify problems. The quality of pond water should be tested regularly to prevent deterioration of water quality.
Sixth, feeding bait large-mouth black mullet feed to the total amount of bait in the early stage is generally 4% to 8% of fish weight, daily feeding 3 to 4 times. With the growth of the fish, the number of feedings per day can be reduced to 1 or 2 times, and the amount of feed to be fed is 8% to 15% of the weight of the fish, and the amount of fish can be increased or decreased according to the weather, water quality, and density.
Seven, prevention and treatment research shows that the cause of the occurrence of carp can be induced in many ways, is the result of the interaction of various complex factors. Although fish body pathology research is gradually deepening, and various effective drugs are still coming out, once the disease is completely dependent on drug treatment, it is hard for the carp to be effective. In the cultivation of carp, the principle of prevention, combination of prevention and control should always be implemented.
During the whole breeding process, the latest bromine disinfectant-bromine-rich as a preventive drug was used. Before the stocking, 2 kg of bromine-rich disinfectant was used to thoroughly clear the pond before watering, and the seedlings were released after 3 days; they were always adhered to every 15 days during cultivation. Use bromine-rich disinfectant 0.1ppm to prevent disease.
VIII. Problems to be Noted in Aquaculture Largemouth bass is more demanding for feed protein. Traditionally, the main culture is mainly natural baits (such as small fish, shrimp, etc.), but due to the live bait source, freshness and price Due to restrictions on other aspects, the traditional breeding mode has been unable to adapt to the further development of carp aquaculture, and the full-price compound feed has been widely accepted by farmers because of its comprehensive nutrition, low pollution, and easy operation. However, due to the difficulty of artificial domestication of squid, it is directly related to the breeding cost and income of culturists whether the fish fry purchased by farmers can completely ingest artificial compound feed.
First, the choice of pond Largemouth bass culture ponds generally should not be too large, with 2 acres ~ 5 acres as well, water depth 1.5m ~ 2.0m. Ponds should be convenient for water injection, water sources should be adequate and non-polluting, and water quality should be neutral or slightly alkaline. In addition, the pond should also have certain power and traffic conditions to facilitate oxygenation and transportation.
Second, the pond clearing the pond clearing according to the requirements of the general culture of earthworms, earthworms, but if the bottom of the humus should be cleared too much, so as not to lead to excessive water quality and fish disease.
Third, the choice of seed Because the bigmouth bass prefer fresh live bait, and live bait is difficult to guarantee long-term supply in the culture, and easy to cause fish disease, so when selecting the seed, we must choose artificial domestication can eat The seed of artificial feed, especially the low-priced fresh live feeds in the vast inland areas, is almost absent, so the choice of domesticated largemouth bass is even more critical. The seed size is generally divided into two types: one is a seedling of 3cm to 5cm; the other is a large-size fingerling of 100g to 200g. The specifications of the seedlings should be as consistent as possible to avoid the size of the fish in the breeding process. The color of the fry must be normal, no injury, no illness, and strong vitality.
Fourth, the seed stocking and clearing the pond first add water 80cm ~ 100cm, after 7 ~ 10 days of water, the fertilizer can reach the standard of stocking summer flowers. The water temperature should be stable above 15°C when the plants are released, and the weather should be fine and windless. The northern region should generally be in the middle and early May and the south can be appropriately advanced. Stocking densities are 2000 seedlings/mu to 5000 tails/mu, and large-scale fingerlings are 1,500 fish/mu to 2500 tails/mu. Ponds with good conditions (such as flow pools, semi-flow basins) and adequate supply of feed can increase the density appropriately.
Fifth, feeding and management of large-mouthed black carp like water, so the breeding should be appropriately increased the number of water changes, and nest a small amount of flowers, white peony and carp to prevent excessive water quality. An aerator should also be provided in the pond to increase dissolved oxygen in the water and promote water exchange. Because the eel has a small habit of eating large foods, it is necessary to ensure the supply of feed during the breeding period, and timely provide palatable and nutritious high-quality feed to prevent eels from eating themselves due to lack of food. In addition, we must adhere to the early, middle, and evening patrols, observe the ground, and take timely measures to identify problems. The quality of pond water should be tested regularly to prevent deterioration of water quality.
Sixth, feeding bait large-mouth black mullet feed to the total amount of bait in the early stage is generally 4% to 8% of fish weight, daily feeding 3 to 4 times. With the growth of the fish, the number of feedings per day can be reduced to 1 or 2 times, and the amount of feed to be fed is 8% to 15% of the weight of the fish, and the amount of fish can be increased or decreased according to the weather, water quality, and density.
Seven, prevention and treatment research shows that the cause of the occurrence of carp can be induced in many ways, is the result of the interaction of various complex factors. Although fish body pathology research is gradually deepening, and various effective drugs are still coming out, once the disease is completely dependent on drug treatment, it is hard for the carp to be effective. In the cultivation of carp, the principle of prevention, combination of prevention and control should always be implemented.
During the whole breeding process, the latest bromine disinfectant-bromine-rich as a preventive drug was used. Before the stocking, 2 kg of bromine-rich disinfectant was used to thoroughly clear the pond before watering, and the seedlings were released after 3 days; they were always adhered to every 15 days during cultivation. Use bromine-rich disinfectant 0.1ppm to prevent disease.
VIII. Problems to be Noted in Aquaculture Largemouth bass is more demanding for feed protein. Traditionally, the main culture is mainly natural baits (such as small fish, shrimp, etc.), but due to the live bait source, freshness and price Due to restrictions on other aspects, the traditional breeding mode has been unable to adapt to the further development of carp aquaculture, and the full-price compound feed has been widely accepted by farmers because of its comprehensive nutrition, low pollution, and easy operation. However, due to the difficulty of artificial domestication of squid, it is directly related to the breeding cost and income of culturists whether the fish fry purchased by farmers can completely ingest artificial compound feed.
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