Astragalus has the functions of supplementing gas, solidification, and detoxification, and is mainly produced in the northeast and north China regions. It is like the cool climate, drought-tolerant and cold-resistant, afraid of heat, and seedlings avoid strong light. (1) The site preparation and preparation of Astragalus membranaceus is a deep-rooted plant. Therefore, it should be planted on the deep, loose and well-drained sandy soil in the upper layer. It should not be planted on clay, tap water or saline-alkali land. After the autumn crop is harvested, the land is plowed 25-30 cm. 1000-600 kg of fertilizer per 1,000 square meters, and 10-50 kg of superphosphate are used as base fertilizers, and the ridges are laid flatly for 40-45 cm ridges and ridge height is 15-20 cm. Well-drained areas can also be made as wide as 1.2-1.5 meters wide. (2) Propagation with seeds The seed coat of Astragalus is hard and has poor water absorption capacity. Before seeding, seed coats can be rubbed with sand or sandpaper, or soaked in warm water at 50°C for 6-12 hours to increase the germination rate. Normal winter sowing is frozen in November before spring sowing in early March-April. When sowing, open a 3 to 4 cm deep ditch on the entire ridge. The spacing is 30-40 cm. After the sowing, cover the soil with 2-2.5 cm. Slightly suppress it. When it is dry, water it and keep the soil moist. Every 1000 square meters. Use about 4 kg. (3) Field management (l) When the seedling height is 4-5 cm, the seedlings and supplementary seedlings are to be planted, and when the height of the seedlings is 10 cm, seedlings are planted at a plant height of 10-15 cm. Combining seedlings and Dingmiao appropriate tillage weeding. (2) Before and after the emergence of drought, it can be properly watered to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. After setting seedlings, generally do not water, keep the ground a little dry, in order to root down growth, the rainy season should promptly rule out the accumulation of water. (3) In addition to replanting land, other plots should be removed at the beginning of budding to remove the head. (4) Dressing: If it is a field harvested 2-3 years later, from the second year onwards, apply fertilizer between the rows in the early spring every year. Apply 1000-1500 kg human urine per 1000 square meters, add the superphosphate. 25-30 kg of calcium, then cover the soil and water. (4) Disease and Insect Pest Control (1) Powdery mildew: onset in May, and heavy in July-September, mainly affecting the leaves. The method of prevention and control is the clean field, and the diseased stubs are removed; at the early stage of disease, 50% thiophanate 1000 times solution or BO-10 biological agent 300 times solution is sprayed. (2) Seed bee: The larvae feed on the flesh during the green fruit period. Control methods: seed treatment, removal of worm seeds or dressing with carbaryl powder; occurrence period, especially during the green fruit period, spray with 40% dimethoate EC 1000 or 50% phosphine 1500 times. (3) Indigo: Harmful to leaves, tender stems, flowers and tender pods. It can be treated with carbaryl powder or with dimethoate emulsion at flowering stage. (5) Harvesting and processing The seeds can be harvested 1-7 years after sowing, but they are generally harvested 1-2 years after sowing. It can be excavated in the fall of September or November before winter buds sprout. During excavation, first cut the ground, dig 60-70 cm deep, dig out the roots, remove the soil, cut off the head, and cut off the lateral roots and fibrous roots when it reaches 70 or 80 percent dry. Let it dry again. (6) Seed-retaining techniques When harvesting in autumn, the selected plants are robust, the main roots are thick and long, and the lateral roots are small. The non-flowering roots are left as seedlings, and the roots with 10 cm in length are left under the head of the reeds. The sunny fertile plots were filled with basal fertilisers, with a spacing of 40 cm and a ditch of 20 cm in depth. The roots were vertically discharged into the furrows at a spacing of 25 cm. The buds faced upwards, and the cover soil covered the top of the reeds with a thickness of 1 cm. Compaction, watering along the ditch, add about 10 centimeters of earth to facilitate drought protection, after the thawing in the early spring, go to prevent the cold. As the plant grows, cultivating the soil with ripping soil to prevent lodging. When the seeds turn brown in July-August, the berries should be removed in time, dried and threshed to remove impurities and stored in a dry and ventilated place. Keep farming, such as strengthening management, can be continuous seeding 5-6 years. China Agricultural Network Editor
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