The rise and popularity of the breeding industry in China from the 1980s and 1990s to the difficult survival of today have brought enormous pain to farmers. However, in the face of the brutal market, they combined the advantages of their own regions to take advantage of the adjustment of the agricultural industry structure and explored and tried new breeding models. The use of the healthy and ecological farming pattern of Wai Tang for 2 to 3 years has the advantages of low cost, good quality of soft-shelled turtle, and large profit margins, and has broad space for development. During the juvenile period, the cultivation of soft-shelled turtles determines whether it is safe for wintering, normal growth in the second year, and final aquaculture production. The pens exchanged ideas and discussions with everyone on the stage of breeding techniques and talked about personal opinions:
I. Preparation of the pond
1. Pond construction Pond cultivation area should be controlled within 2 acres, the pool depth is 1.5 meters, the pool is 1 meter to 2 meters long, and the slope is 15 degrees to 30 degrees. In this way, in the actual production process, the area of ​​pool water is small, the relative density of juvenile juveniles is concentrated, and the survival rate of cultivation is high and the specifications are uniform. In addition, the slope can meet the adaptation of juvenile A to water level changes. The pond is best set into the drainage system to facilitate the regulation of water quality.
2. Clear pond water quality The newly excavated pond shall be cultivated for about 15 days before the seedlings are sown, and the water shall be drained for 10 cm to 15 cm, with water clear pond, 20 ppm bleaching powder or 300 ppm quick lime. After 5 days to 7 days, add water to 30 cm to 40 cm. Mushi Fermentation Cured Organic Fertilizer 15 kg ~ 20 kg of fertilizer water, cultivate natural food, provide high-quality opening material for juvenile A, in addition can inhibit the growth of fungi, prevent the occurrence of white spot disease. For the old pond, it is best to remove the silt and increase the intensity of the clear pond.
Second, the seed
1. The seedlings that have just been hatched are treated with a fragile physique, and the protective film on the surface of the seedlings is vulnerable to damage and infection. After the umbilical cords of the larvae are collected, some medicines that irritate the skin of the genitalia are bathed. Such as salt baking soda mixture, oxytetracycline, furazolidone and other medicine bath after 10 minutes to 15 minutes, put the seedlings along the pond side of the bait.
2. Control of seed density For ponds with different sediments, consider the level of cultivation, management capacity, and water conditions to determine the density. The new pond can be used for 2,500 seedlings/3000 seedlings, and the old pond can be used for 2,000 seedlings/2500 seedlings. Low-density feeding is a waste of natural resources. The author believes that the qualified breeders should set up a separate cultivation pond to strengthen management, with relatively high utilization ratio of feed and low management cost.
Three, feeding management table can choose asbestos tile or cement tile along the pond around the contiguous piece set, the underwater feeding bait flat, 2 cm to 3 cm on the surface of the water, water feeding table tilt can be Keep 15 degrees to 30 degrees.
Feeding methods can be selected according to the conditions of the pond, it is best to choose underwater feeding, practice has shown that underwater feeding is more in line with the feeding habits of soft-shelled turtles. It has been observed that even if the soft-shelled turtle feeds on land, it often drags the food to the water's side to swallow. This may be an adaptation of the aquatic life formed during the early evolution of the soft-shelled turtle.
IV. Water Quality Management
1. Water level adjustment In general, the water level of 50 grams of juveniles is better than 30 cm. The deep water level will increase the energy consumption of the juvenile feeding, and it will also cause pressure on the internal organs of the juvenile. If you choose a deep water level, you can put some water grass or set attachments to reduce the discomfort of juveniles to the water environment. With the increase of corpus callosum, the water level can be increased to 40 cm to 60 cm, and the environmental stability of the young turtle during the growth stage can be maintained, and the effects of residual baits, excretion waste, and debris in the sediment on the soft-shelled turtle can be mitigated. During the winter, increase the water depth to more than 1 meter to ensure safe wintering.
2. Water Quality Regulation The quality of juvenile and young turtles is controlled mainly by iodine preparations and bromine preparations, and water quality improvers can be applied at intervals. Regular application of 20ppm to 30ppm quicklime. In addition, mussels can be placed in 50 to 100 tails of filter-feeding fish, and water quality can be adjusted. It can also be used to purify water from peanuts and water hyacinths in coastal waters.
V. Disease Prevention
1. Keep the water body fresh, with a certain degree of fatness, the general transparency is 20 cm. The quality modifiers and water quality regulators can be selected to control the damage of feed baits to water quality.
2. Avoid the use of biological agents, application of 20ppm ~ 30ppm quicklime or 1ppm ~ 2ppm bromine preparations, iodine preparations, once a month.
3. The food is regularly added to compound multi-dimensional 1g/kg feed ~ 2g/kg feed, liver protection bile Chinese herbal medicine "Bagging Ning" or "hepatogastric dispersal" 5 days / month ~ 7 days / month. Long-term addition of oil about 3%, enhance physical fitness.
4. Use as little or no antibiotics as possible.
I. Preparation of the pond
1. Pond construction Pond cultivation area should be controlled within 2 acres, the pool depth is 1.5 meters, the pool is 1 meter to 2 meters long, and the slope is 15 degrees to 30 degrees. In this way, in the actual production process, the area of ​​pool water is small, the relative density of juvenile juveniles is concentrated, and the survival rate of cultivation is high and the specifications are uniform. In addition, the slope can meet the adaptation of juvenile A to water level changes. The pond is best set into the drainage system to facilitate the regulation of water quality.
2. Clear pond water quality The newly excavated pond shall be cultivated for about 15 days before the seedlings are sown, and the water shall be drained for 10 cm to 15 cm, with water clear pond, 20 ppm bleaching powder or 300 ppm quick lime. After 5 days to 7 days, add water to 30 cm to 40 cm. Mushi Fermentation Cured Organic Fertilizer 15 kg ~ 20 kg of fertilizer water, cultivate natural food, provide high-quality opening material for juvenile A, in addition can inhibit the growth of fungi, prevent the occurrence of white spot disease. For the old pond, it is best to remove the silt and increase the intensity of the clear pond.
Second, the seed
1. The seedlings that have just been hatched are treated with a fragile physique, and the protective film on the surface of the seedlings is vulnerable to damage and infection. After the umbilical cords of the larvae are collected, some medicines that irritate the skin of the genitalia are bathed. Such as salt baking soda mixture, oxytetracycline, furazolidone and other medicine bath after 10 minutes to 15 minutes, put the seedlings along the pond side of the bait.
2. Control of seed density For ponds with different sediments, consider the level of cultivation, management capacity, and water conditions to determine the density. The new pond can be used for 2,500 seedlings/3000 seedlings, and the old pond can be used for 2,000 seedlings/2500 seedlings. Low-density feeding is a waste of natural resources. The author believes that the qualified breeders should set up a separate cultivation pond to strengthen management, with relatively high utilization ratio of feed and low management cost.
Three, feeding management table can choose asbestos tile or cement tile along the pond around the contiguous piece set, the underwater feeding bait flat, 2 cm to 3 cm on the surface of the water, water feeding table tilt can be Keep 15 degrees to 30 degrees.
Feeding methods can be selected according to the conditions of the pond, it is best to choose underwater feeding, practice has shown that underwater feeding is more in line with the feeding habits of soft-shelled turtles. It has been observed that even if the soft-shelled turtle feeds on land, it often drags the food to the water's side to swallow. This may be an adaptation of the aquatic life formed during the early evolution of the soft-shelled turtle.
IV. Water Quality Management
1. Water level adjustment In general, the water level of 50 grams of juveniles is better than 30 cm. The deep water level will increase the energy consumption of the juvenile feeding, and it will also cause pressure on the internal organs of the juvenile. If you choose a deep water level, you can put some water grass or set attachments to reduce the discomfort of juveniles to the water environment. With the increase of corpus callosum, the water level can be increased to 40 cm to 60 cm, and the environmental stability of the young turtle during the growth stage can be maintained, and the effects of residual baits, excretion waste, and debris in the sediment on the soft-shelled turtle can be mitigated. During the winter, increase the water depth to more than 1 meter to ensure safe wintering.
2. Water Quality Regulation The quality of juvenile and young turtles is controlled mainly by iodine preparations and bromine preparations, and water quality improvers can be applied at intervals. Regular application of 20ppm to 30ppm quicklime. In addition, mussels can be placed in 50 to 100 tails of filter-feeding fish, and water quality can be adjusted. It can also be used to purify water from peanuts and water hyacinths in coastal waters.
V. Disease Prevention
1. Keep the water body fresh, with a certain degree of fatness, the general transparency is 20 cm. The quality modifiers and water quality regulators can be selected to control the damage of feed baits to water quality.
2. Avoid the use of biological agents, application of 20ppm ~ 30ppm quicklime or 1ppm ~ 2ppm bromine preparations, iodine preparations, once a month.
3. The food is regularly added to compound multi-dimensional 1g/kg feed ~ 2g/kg feed, liver protection bile Chinese herbal medicine "Bagging Ning" or "hepatogastric dispersal" 5 days / month ~ 7 days / month. Long-term addition of oil about 3%, enhance physical fitness.
4. Use as little or no antibiotics as possible.