Nibea miichthioides is a genus of fish, and is a genus of the genus Apocynchus. It is commonly known as 鲈 鲈 and is mainly distributed in the subtropical waters of Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong. This kind of fish is meat-like, has the advantages of fast growth, strong disease resistance, etc. It is a good breed that has promotion value in marine fish.
First, the biological characteristics
The shape of the scallop was similar to that of the Japanese sashimi, with six cheek holes. However, unlike the Japanese sashimi, the caudal fin is wedge-shaped, its eyes are large, its head length is 5.4 times the eye diameter, and its body is grayish-gray. The scale of the lateral line is obvious.
1. Inhabitation habits: The eel catfish usually prefers to swim in the lower layers of the water. It only swims to the upper layer during feeding activities, and swims to the water layer during the hungry or breeding season. Broodstock is active in the upper mid-tier during the breeding season both at night and during the day. The eel's temperament is mild, seldom jumps, and can be mixed with fish such as eel and barracuda.
2. Growth and development: The length of the body length of A. sinensis grows significantly before 20cm, but the weight gain is not obvious. When the body length reaches 20cm or more, with the growth and development of the individual, the weight gain is more obvious, indicating that the individual development of the scallop striated at this stage not only from body length but also in body height, body width, skeleton and internal organ system All have been fully developed. From the initial stage of cultivation, the body length is 3-5cm, and the breeding period is 120 days. The body length can be increased to more than 35cm, the body weight can be increased to 400-600g, and the average body weight can reach 500g or more. Compared with the codfish cultured in the same pond, it has obvious growth advantages.
3. Ingestion and feeding methods: The feeding habit of the horny scorpionfish is animal, and there is no strict selection for animal foods. Picky eaters, small scads, and mixed shrimps can be used as long as the palatability can feed. The scallops have poor feeding control, especially in the juvenile stage. The ingestion of scallops accounts for about 2-16% of the weight of the fish, and the juveniles have the highest food intake. With the individual's growth, the daily feeding rate gradually decreased. The food intake of scallops is closely related to the temperature. When the water temperature is 6°C, the daily food intake is only about 2% of the body weight. When the water temperature is 18-20°C, the food intake is 12-16% of the body weight. - The daily food intake at 30.5°C is 10-12% of body weight. In addition, the type of bait also has a certain influence on the amount of food fed by scallops. Therefore, in the course of artificial breeding, if the daily food intake of the fish is found to decrease, the type of bait may be temporarily replaced. The palatability of the feed also affects the food intake of the fish. Therefore, the size of the feed pellets must be carefully observed during the culture process and adjustments should be made at any time.
4. Temperature and salinity: The adaptability range of the temperature of the yellow pecker is 3-33°C, the suitable growth temperature is 18-28°C; the adaptability to the salinity is 14-33 ‰, the suitable growth salinity It is 18-30 inches.
Second, the artificial seedling technology of the horny sorghum mainly introduces the collection, transportation, hatching of the fertilized eggs, and the cultivation techniques of larvae and larvae.
1. Collection of fertilized eggs: The broodstock can lay eggs in large cages or concrete pools. Fertilized eggs show semi-submerged and semi-floating conditions when seawater salinity is less than 27 ,, but fertilization occurs when salinity increases to 33 ‰. The eggs are buoyant. The eggs can be collected using a small 80-mesh cage or the eggs can be removed by hand into a suitable container.
2. Transportation of fertilized eggs: Eggs can be collected in drums or small cages and inflated with air pumps. The egg is best transported by oxygen in a plastic bag during transportation. Each bag (303070 cm) is filled with 4 kg of water, water accounts for 1/3 of the bag capacity, and oxygen accounts for 2/3. 150-300g fertilized eggs can be placed in each bag, and the transportation time can reach 4-10 hours, and the survival rate can reach 85%.
3. Incubation of fertilized eggs: fertilized eggs can be incubated in cement pools or glass jars, and the oviposition density can be controlled at 40,000-60,000 grains/m3. The water temperature is controlled at 18-24°C, and gradually varies with the development stage of larvae. Increase water temperature. The salinity is controlled at about 27 ,, and is inflated throughout the incubation process. Add 5-7 ppm EDTA and 1 ppm furazolidone to the hatching water. The fertilized eggs hatch at larvae after 36-40 hours at 20°C.
4. Cultivation of larvae and juveniles: After the larvae ruptured the membrane, the yolk was used as a nutrient and the rotifers began to be eaten on the fourth day. Artemia nauplii (i.e., juvenile fish stages) could be fed after 15 days of age. Feeding four times a day, the number of feedings each time can be determined according to the feeding situation. It is best to feed the bait in the pool after the food is basically consumed. When entering the juvenile stage, the length of the fish can reach 1.0-1.2 cm, and the habit of colony can be transferred to the earth pond for cultivation. Earth ponds Cultured juvenile scallop juveniles should be carried out in an outdoor earth pond shed. Clearance ponds and sterilisation should be performed in the cultivating pools, approximately 10 to 15 days before the larvae are fed. When juveniles are released, there should be a certain amount of bait organisms in the water. The temperature of the water is preferably controlled to be above 20°C. The minimum temperature of the individual weather should not be less than 12°C, and the maximum temperature cannot exceed 26°C. Therefore, in the Tianjin area, juveniles are best placed in outdoor earthen ponds in late April. The density is about 100,000 per acre. In addition to cultivating natural biological feed, bait should also be fed with rotifers, braised young animals, adult worms, or larvae, etc., and fed twice a day. When juveniles grow to more than 2.5cm, they can be put into ponds for culture.
5. Fry transport: generally can take two methods of transport: First, oxygen bags transported by oxygen, each bag can be placed 3-5cm fish species about 300, 5-7 hours of transport time, the survival rate of about 90%; The second method is to transport with canvas barrels, and it needs to be inflated during transportation. About 5,000 tails per square meter can be placed. Both transportation methods require attention to heat and direct light.
First, the biological characteristics
The shape of the scallop was similar to that of the Japanese sashimi, with six cheek holes. However, unlike the Japanese sashimi, the caudal fin is wedge-shaped, its eyes are large, its head length is 5.4 times the eye diameter, and its body is grayish-gray. The scale of the lateral line is obvious.
1. Inhabitation habits: The eel catfish usually prefers to swim in the lower layers of the water. It only swims to the upper layer during feeding activities, and swims to the water layer during the hungry or breeding season. Broodstock is active in the upper mid-tier during the breeding season both at night and during the day. The eel's temperament is mild, seldom jumps, and can be mixed with fish such as eel and barracuda.
2. Growth and development: The length of the body length of A. sinensis grows significantly before 20cm, but the weight gain is not obvious. When the body length reaches 20cm or more, with the growth and development of the individual, the weight gain is more obvious, indicating that the individual development of the scallop striated at this stage not only from body length but also in body height, body width, skeleton and internal organ system All have been fully developed. From the initial stage of cultivation, the body length is 3-5cm, and the breeding period is 120 days. The body length can be increased to more than 35cm, the body weight can be increased to 400-600g, and the average body weight can reach 500g or more. Compared with the codfish cultured in the same pond, it has obvious growth advantages.
3. Ingestion and feeding methods: The feeding habit of the horny scorpionfish is animal, and there is no strict selection for animal foods. Picky eaters, small scads, and mixed shrimps can be used as long as the palatability can feed. The scallops have poor feeding control, especially in the juvenile stage. The ingestion of scallops accounts for about 2-16% of the weight of the fish, and the juveniles have the highest food intake. With the individual's growth, the daily feeding rate gradually decreased. The food intake of scallops is closely related to the temperature. When the water temperature is 6°C, the daily food intake is only about 2% of the body weight. When the water temperature is 18-20°C, the food intake is 12-16% of the body weight. - The daily food intake at 30.5°C is 10-12% of body weight. In addition, the type of bait also has a certain influence on the amount of food fed by scallops. Therefore, in the course of artificial breeding, if the daily food intake of the fish is found to decrease, the type of bait may be temporarily replaced. The palatability of the feed also affects the food intake of the fish. Therefore, the size of the feed pellets must be carefully observed during the culture process and adjustments should be made at any time.
4. Temperature and salinity: The adaptability range of the temperature of the yellow pecker is 3-33°C, the suitable growth temperature is 18-28°C; the adaptability to the salinity is 14-33 ‰, the suitable growth salinity It is 18-30 inches.
Second, the artificial seedling technology of the horny sorghum mainly introduces the collection, transportation, hatching of the fertilized eggs, and the cultivation techniques of larvae and larvae.
1. Collection of fertilized eggs: The broodstock can lay eggs in large cages or concrete pools. Fertilized eggs show semi-submerged and semi-floating conditions when seawater salinity is less than 27 ,, but fertilization occurs when salinity increases to 33 ‰. The eggs are buoyant. The eggs can be collected using a small 80-mesh cage or the eggs can be removed by hand into a suitable container.
2. Transportation of fertilized eggs: Eggs can be collected in drums or small cages and inflated with air pumps. The egg is best transported by oxygen in a plastic bag during transportation. Each bag (303070 cm) is filled with 4 kg of water, water accounts for 1/3 of the bag capacity, and oxygen accounts for 2/3. 150-300g fertilized eggs can be placed in each bag, and the transportation time can reach 4-10 hours, and the survival rate can reach 85%.
3. Incubation of fertilized eggs: fertilized eggs can be incubated in cement pools or glass jars, and the oviposition density can be controlled at 40,000-60,000 grains/m3. The water temperature is controlled at 18-24°C, and gradually varies with the development stage of larvae. Increase water temperature. The salinity is controlled at about 27 ,, and is inflated throughout the incubation process. Add 5-7 ppm EDTA and 1 ppm furazolidone to the hatching water. The fertilized eggs hatch at larvae after 36-40 hours at 20°C.
4. Cultivation of larvae and juveniles: After the larvae ruptured the membrane, the yolk was used as a nutrient and the rotifers began to be eaten on the fourth day. Artemia nauplii (i.e., juvenile fish stages) could be fed after 15 days of age. Feeding four times a day, the number of feedings each time can be determined according to the feeding situation. It is best to feed the bait in the pool after the food is basically consumed. When entering the juvenile stage, the length of the fish can reach 1.0-1.2 cm, and the habit of colony can be transferred to the earth pond for cultivation. Earth ponds Cultured juvenile scallop juveniles should be carried out in an outdoor earth pond shed. Clearance ponds and sterilisation should be performed in the cultivating pools, approximately 10 to 15 days before the larvae are fed. When juveniles are released, there should be a certain amount of bait organisms in the water. The temperature of the water is preferably controlled to be above 20°C. The minimum temperature of the individual weather should not be less than 12°C, and the maximum temperature cannot exceed 26°C. Therefore, in the Tianjin area, juveniles are best placed in outdoor earthen ponds in late April. The density is about 100,000 per acre. In addition to cultivating natural biological feed, bait should also be fed with rotifers, braised young animals, adult worms, or larvae, etc., and fed twice a day. When juveniles grow to more than 2.5cm, they can be put into ponds for culture.
5. Fry transport: generally can take two methods of transport: First, oxygen bags transported by oxygen, each bag can be placed 3-5cm fish species about 300, 5-7 hours of transport time, the survival rate of about 90%; The second method is to transport with canvas barrels, and it needs to be inflated during transportation. About 5,000 tails per square meter can be placed. Both transportation methods require attention to heat and direct light.