1. Requirements for greenhouse environment The banana tree is tall and erect and does not tolerate low temperatures. The minimum temperature requirement is above 10°C. Therefore, it is best to choose a modern multi-span greenhouse with a height of more than 4 meters to grow bananas in the north.
2. Key cultivation techniques
(1) Colonization of seedlings: In northern greenhouses, bananas can be grown all year round as long as the temperature is appropriate. The planting size can be 2.02.5 meters, and about 130 acres can be planted. The planting hole is 80 to 100 cm long and 40 cm deep. Apply 5 to 10 kg of organic fertilizer per hole, 100 grams of ternary compound fertilizer, mix the organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and topsoil thoroughly, and fill in the lower half of the planting hole for nutrient soil. The top half is backfilled with topsoil to avoid burning seedlings. The banana seedlings should be planted shallowly and the rooting water should be penetrated after planting.
(2) Water and Fertilizer Management: The annual growth of bananas requires sufficient nutrients and water supply. Each year, the amount of fertilizer applied to each banana is about 500 grams of nitrogen, 150 grams of phosphorus, and 750 grams of potassium. When the temperature is high and the growth is fast, apply more fertilizing material; if the temperature is low and growth is slow, apply less. During the general seedling period, fertilize 2 times per month, each time, 50-100g of high-nitrogen ternary compound fertilizer is applied per plant; Fertility is applied once per month during the vigorous growth period; 3 to 5kg of organic fertilizer or high-potassium ternary compound fertilizer is applied 250 Grams; to apply flower bud differentiation fertilizer about 60 days before the buds, accounting for about 40% of the total amount of fertilizer. In addition, we must pay attention to the rapid growth phase of calcium, magnesium and other elements added. Bananas need more water during the whole growth period, and need to keep the soil moist during the whole growth period. There are slight differences in different periods, ie seedling run, medium wet, and late run.
(3) Flower and fruit management: Bananas can be flowered all year round, and they should be inspected at any time during budding, and the leaves that block sagging of the ear of banana should be promptly removed to prevent the occurrence of deformed fruit combs or scratches. When the banana buds reach the last comb of female flowers only 5 to 8, it is necessary to select sunny noon to break the buds and sterilize the cut off point. Remove unused suckers and concentrate nutrients to supply bananas.
(4) Temperature management: The suitable growth temperature of banana is about 27°C. When the temperature is higher than 38°C or lower than 14°C, the growth will stop, and freezing damage will occur below 10°C. Therefore, when the temperature reaches 35°C in the summer, water curtains and fans are used to reduce the temperature, and in the winter, it is necessary to increase the temperature to ensure that the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 15°C or higher.
2. Key cultivation techniques
(1) Colonization of seedlings: In northern greenhouses, bananas can be grown all year round as long as the temperature is appropriate. The planting size can be 2.02.5 meters, and about 130 acres can be planted. The planting hole is 80 to 100 cm long and 40 cm deep. Apply 5 to 10 kg of organic fertilizer per hole, 100 grams of ternary compound fertilizer, mix the organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and topsoil thoroughly, and fill in the lower half of the planting hole for nutrient soil. The top half is backfilled with topsoil to avoid burning seedlings. The banana seedlings should be planted shallowly and the rooting water should be penetrated after planting.
(2) Water and Fertilizer Management: The annual growth of bananas requires sufficient nutrients and water supply. Each year, the amount of fertilizer applied to each banana is about 500 grams of nitrogen, 150 grams of phosphorus, and 750 grams of potassium. When the temperature is high and the growth is fast, apply more fertilizing material; if the temperature is low and growth is slow, apply less. During the general seedling period, fertilize 2 times per month, each time, 50-100g of high-nitrogen ternary compound fertilizer is applied per plant; Fertility is applied once per month during the vigorous growth period; 3 to 5kg of organic fertilizer or high-potassium ternary compound fertilizer is applied 250 Grams; to apply flower bud differentiation fertilizer about 60 days before the buds, accounting for about 40% of the total amount of fertilizer. In addition, we must pay attention to the rapid growth phase of calcium, magnesium and other elements added. Bananas need more water during the whole growth period, and need to keep the soil moist during the whole growth period. There are slight differences in different periods, ie seedling run, medium wet, and late run.
(3) Flower and fruit management: Bananas can be flowered all year round, and they should be inspected at any time during budding, and the leaves that block sagging of the ear of banana should be promptly removed to prevent the occurrence of deformed fruit combs or scratches. When the banana buds reach the last comb of female flowers only 5 to 8, it is necessary to select sunny noon to break the buds and sterilize the cut off point. Remove unused suckers and concentrate nutrients to supply bananas.
(4) Temperature management: The suitable growth temperature of banana is about 27°C. When the temperature is higher than 38°C or lower than 14°C, the growth will stop, and freezing damage will occur below 10°C. Therefore, when the temperature reaches 35°C in the summer, water curtains and fans are used to reduce the temperature, and in the winter, it is necessary to increase the temperature to ensure that the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 15°C or higher.
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