Most of the Tremella spring cultivation is due to green mold, but also some of the Rhizopus, Mucor contamination, and very little Trichoderma. Green mold, mucormycosis, and Rhizopus often occur at the side of the inoculation hole of the inoculation bag, or at the time of the 9-10 days after inoculation. Green mold also occurs in fruiting bodies. Make the ear mild. Streptococcus spp. occur in bag gaps. The cause of pollution was mainly due to incomplete sterilization of the bag, aseptic operation, broken bag membrane, impure dye contamination, or environmental pollution.
First, to avoid contamination with bacteria
1. Purification of mushroom house environment: Regularly clean up the environmental sanitation and disinfect the lime powder: Strictly sterilize and sterilize the house prior to cultivation to prevent pollution.
2. Selected raw materials: cottonseed husk, wheat bran require no agglomeration, no mildew, and placed in the sun to sterilize the sun, the quality of the bag before the test.
3, standard bag production: culture material containing water lice control does not exceed 60%, bagging on the stove does not exceed the time limit of 6 hours to prevent the material from becoming acid. Sterilization requires 100°C for 24 hours without cooling.
4. Adhere to asepsis operation: the inoculation room is completely sterilized and sterilized, and the qualified disinfectant can be used. Super-clean cleanser can be used. Each bag is filled with 10-20 kg of water. The space and frame are sprayed and the space is used. Then the disinfection box is not used per cubic meter. Less than 5 grams, sterilization time 1 hour. The vaccination required a fine wine light flame.
5, strict control of bacteria. Selected strains, spring Tremella species require stronger mycelium of the incense, to avoid the impact of long-eared ears in case of low temperature ash. Viruses should be disinfected by the seed box and transported to prevent the bottle from falling off.
6. Disposal of the pollution bags: The pollution bags affected by the bacteria should be treated differently: mildly polluted bags should be bagged, control spread, and then sterilized; in serious cases, the bags should be broken and refilled, plus 1-2% lime and mix well. Stir 24 hours after the spread for the next re-use cultivation. The fruiting bodies are contaminated with green mold and should be harvested in advance and rubbed with Ph8 lime supernatant to control the spread.
Second, eliminate pests
1, mosquitoes are mainly small bacteria. Prevention and control measures: regular cleaning of environmental sanitation, disinfecting with lime powder; installing gauze on windows and doors, spraying insecticide liquid regularly on the Internet or 2000 times of Treasure Chest; installing black light traps in the room. The pesticides in Shengfa period are limited to low-toxic and low-residue species, such as Ruijinte 3000 times liquid spray and kill, can also ignite mosquito coils, or use fumigation pills to kill fumigation.
2. Alum is also known as bacillary dysentery. There are many varieties, and there are two kinds of pupa and whitefly. Control measures: Raw material warehouse should be kept away from mushroom house and used for sun exposure; surrounding environment should be cleaned; bacteria bags should be disinfected before opening, sprayed with 73% Krypton 3000 times ahead of schedule, and then room temperature should be adjusted to 20°C to close doors and windows. Carry out thorough sterilization of the vacant room, and then remove the odor from the medicine, and then open the tape; when the pod damage occurs in the early stage of fruit body growth, the fresh tobacco leaves can be tiled next to the bacterium bag, and the worms can be trapped on the tight collection leaf, and then they can be removed and burned to death. Tea seed cake research into powder, Wei Huo fry oil pan when the pan, sprinkled in a pest harm, trapped out of boiling hot water. Can not be used under the circumstances can be used 20% amitraz EC 1000-1500 times sprayed to kill.
3, nematode prevention and control methods: the sterilization of the culture medium should be thorough, the water source should be detected, mushroom house strictly sterilized in advance, the water should not be too wet, and pay attention to ventilation. If nematodes appear in the mushroom house, use 0.5% lime water or 1% salt water, spray 2-3 times in the cool days, and disinfect the lime powder in the mushroom house ground. In the long ear period, 1% glacial acetic acid or 25% rice vinegar solution can be used for spotting.
Third, the prevention and treatment of diseases
Tremella fuciformis is divided into infective diseases and non-invasive diseases, infective diseases are caused by pathogens, non-invasive diseases, some are caused by physiological diseases, and some are caused by uncontrolled production and management.
1. Powdery mildew
Also known as white rot, the pathogenic bacteria is acetobacter. Prevention methods: to strengthen the ventilation and dehydration of mushroom house, when young ears can occur lime sulfur mixture can be sprayed, and harvested in advance, with the knife scraping roots, ear base can be coated with 4% carbolic acid solution, evening with 50% mildew powder Smoked.
2. Stiffness disease
The pathogenic fungi Fusarium oleracea. Prevention methods: raw materials exposure, moisture content of the ingredients should not be too high 60%; cave mouth uncovered with 50% dichlorvos 1000 times before spraying sterilization; cut film after the expansion of the hole space humidity does not exceed 80%; ear stage occurs, can be sprayed The Ph8 lime supernatant was harvested early in ear ear and soaked in 5% lime water for processing and drying.
3, Blackhead
Prevention methods; bacteria culture does not exceed 28 °C as well, timely opening of the cut film to increase acupuncture points oxygen, promote normal mycelial metabolism; young ears stage should be less water spray, not excessive, to prevent the ear base water: at the same time pay attention Ventilation.
4, bad ear
Prevention methods: prevent the acidification of the culture medium, pay attention to heat dissipation after sterilization of the bag, and prevent bacteria from overheating. Ear-stage control 23-25 ​​°C, timely ventilation, spray water amount, relative humidity between 85-95%. Ears were found to be removed in time, excavated in the ground, rubbed with lime water, and then sprayed with 100% methyl sulfide 1000 solution control; ear mold early decay, and with 25% Fumei double 1500 times coating, control Pathogens spread.
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