Apple Tree:
1. Pruning: Trim the branches to encourage healthy growth by removing sparse, shaded, or overlapping branches, as well as any diseased or pest-infested ones. This improves air circulation and light penetration, helps control excessive branching, and promotes flower bud development.
2. Soil, Fertilizer, and Water: Keep the orchard soil loose and free of weeds. For late-maturing varieties, apply a 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and calcium fertilizer.
3. Harvesting: Harvest medium-maturing apple varieties at the right time for optimal quality.
4. Pest Control: In the early and mid-season, spray 68.75% Yibao wettable granules diluted 1200 times, or 50% Ethylene wettable powder diluted 800 times, along with 25% Diflubenzuron 1200 times to prevent diseases like ring rot, leaf spot, and pests such as golden grain moths and bollworms. In the middle to late season, use a 1:2:180 Bordeaux mixture or 30% Peach Lingzhi or Peach Xiaoshen (Ling) diluted 1500 times to control similar issues.
Pear Tree:
1. Harvesting: Mid-maturing varieties like Balsam, 20th Century, August Crisp, Cuifu, Yuxishui, and Red Perfume should be harvested now, while late-maturing varieties are approaching maturity.
2. Branch Management: Open up the tree structure by trimming young branches, controlling nitrogen fertilizers, and applying more phosphorus and potassium. Apply base fertilizer to early-maturing varieties—150–200 kg per plant for trees aged 6–10 years, and 200–300 kg for older trees. Avoid using Bordeaux mixture before harvest to prevent fruit surface contamination.
3. Pest and Disease Control: In the middle of the season, spray 20.06% Wanxing EC diluted 2000 times or 50% EC WP 600 times, combined with 2.5% Baoduo EC 2000 times or 52.25% CCTV EC 1500 times, plus 10% IMID wettable powder 2500 times. This helps manage peach fruit borer, pear yellow mealybug, whiteflies, black spot, and other diseases. Pay special attention to bagging techniques for mealybug and whitefly control. In the middle to late season, use 75% mancozeb dry suspension agent 800 times or 50% carbendazim WP 600 times mixed with 52.2% farmland 1500 times and 20% cyanourea 6000 times. This helps control various pests and diseases. It is also the last time to use Bordeaux mixture, especially for Chinese pears, where black spot disease needs extra attention. Tie grass around the trunk to trap overwintering pests, and burn the grass after winter.
Grape:
1. Top-Dressing and Drainage: Apply 20–25 kg of diammonium phosphate and potassium fertilizer per 667 square meters, preferably before or after rain. Ensure proper drainage before fruit ripening.
2. Pest and Disease Control: In mid-August, spray 80% mancozeb 800g or 80% M-45 fluid to control white rot and anthracnose. Use 52.5% DuPont Fast & Clean 2000–2400 times for downy mildew, especially after rain. In late August, spray 160 times Bordeaux mixture.
3. Harvesting: For medium-maturing varieties, remove some old leaves near shaded areas once the fruits begin to color in mid-August to improve light exposure. Harvest and market according to market demand.
4. Summer Pruning: Continue topping and removing tendrils to maintain plant health.
Peach Tree:
1. Pest Prevention: At the beginning of August, control aphids, leaf curl insects, leaf miners, and fruit rot using DuPont Fuxing 10,000 times, 50% Wanwenning WP 800–1000 times, or 70% Mancozeb WP 800–1000 times. In mid to late August, combine 2000 times Sweeper with 500 times Zinc, 1500 times water-soluble phosphoricinate with 5000–6000 times 1.8% Avermectin emulsion (for white spider control), and 800–1000 times 50% Vinynone or 1500 times DuPont EPC to manage pests like leaf miners, white spiders, and fruit rot.
2. Fertilization and Watering: In late August, when fruit enters rapid expansion, apply appropriate fertilizer based on tree age and size. For 3–5-year-old trees, use 1 kg per tree, and 1.5–2 kg for older trees. After top-dressing, irrigate appropriately. Spray 0.2–0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on both upper and lower parts of the tree.
3. Pruning: At the start of the month, remove back branches, competing branches, diseased branches, and dense branches. Before and after summer, open up young branches to promote flower bud differentiation and ensure full, healthy buds.
Winter Jujube:
1. Prevent Physiological Fruit Drop: Manage intercropping crops effectively. Spray 5–10 times nitric acid or anti-drop agents, along with 0.2–0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in early August.
2. Pest Control: Use 90% Wanling 3000 times plus 1.8% Abamectin 3000–4000 times or 9.5% Dichlormia 4000–5000 times to control red spider and other pests. For *P. carachinae* and bollworms, use 4000 times solutions of Baode or similar products. Use azole-based pesticides like Wanxing, Fuxing, and Yibao every 7–10 days to prevent jujube rust, especially after 3 days of rain. Use agricultural streptomycin or Jia Du Bang Wan Xing EC 2000–3000 times, or add DuPont Fuxing 8000–10000 times to control fruit diseases and rot. Pick fruits and eliminate peach fruitworms. Tie grass around main branches and trunks to collect overwintering pests like dateworms and red spiders. Clear fallen rusty leaves, anthracnose-infected leaves, and dead fruits.
Pomegranate Tree:
1. Irrigation: Water promptly during droughts and drain excess water after rain to prevent root suffocation and maintain root function.
2. Weeding: Keep the soil loose through regular weeding to promote root development and expand root systems.
3. Pest and Disease Control: Spray 80% ultra-micro carbendazim 600–800 times to control dry rot, and continue monitoring and managing other pests and diseases.
4. Pruning: Remove shaded shoots, such as long or competing branches, to improve air circulation and light penetration within the canopy, ensuring good light transmission throughout the tree.
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