After a period of flooding, rice plants may show strong resistance, but if the submergence lasts for more than three days, about 80% of the seedlings may still be alive, provided that proper management is carried out. If the submergence continues for four to seven days, survival rates drop to between 50% and 80%, and it's essential to perform seedling mixing to ensure adequate plant density. For cases where more than 70% of the rice seedlings are submerged for over seven days, replanting or switching to another crop should be considered. It’s important to assess the situation carefully and implement appropriate post-flood management strategies.
Even if the top parts of the plants have been damaged, if there are still green leaves, the leaf sheath remains green and firm, and the roots are white or light yellow, the seedlings can likely recover. After two to three days of watering, new heart leaves will appear, and new roots will begin to grow. The growth point should look clear and not shriveled or cloudy. These signs indicate that the rice plants can survive. After draining the water for three to five days, depending on the recovery process and the number of surviving stems, efforts should be made to restore the area as much as possible.
As soon as possible after the floodwaters recede, it’s crucial to drain the stagnant water quickly to reduce the risk of waterlogging. Use all available methods to remove the water and keep the fields dry. At the same time, make sure to clear ditches and open drainage systems to lower the external water level and ensure the field is free of standing water. However, if high temperatures occur after the rain, avoid completely draining the field and maintain a thin layer of water to protect the seedlings from stress.
Once the flooded rice fields are restored, applying fertilizer promptly is essential to help the plants recover. A quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer combined with phosphorus and potassium is recommended. For fields with short submersion periods and mild damage, less fertilizer may be needed. In contrast, fields that were submerged for longer periods and suffered more severe damage should receive careful and moderate fertilization. Avoid applying large amounts at once, as this could harm the plants. Alongside topdressing, foliar sprays with high-efficiency fertilizers can help accelerate recovery.
After improving water management and drainage, and once the floating mud has settled, adopt a dry-wet irrigation method using fresh water. This approach helps maintain soil aeration while meeting the water needs of the rice plants.
It’s also important to focus on disease and pest control in paddy fields that were delayed due to continuous rainfall. Once the flooded rice begins to regrow, the new leaves and pods are tender and more susceptible to pests such as brown planthoppers, white-backed planthoppers, rice stem borers, sheath blight, and bacterial leaf blight. In regions like Jianghuai and Huaibei, special attention should be given to controlling the second generation of planthoppers, particularly in broadcast rice fields and late-planted areas. Proactive measures are necessary to prevent serious infestations.
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