Diesel engine will inevitably encounter power shortage during the work process. When encountering, don't panic. The following points are some methods for checking the power shortage for reference.
1, see the smoke up and down, check wear
When the engine is working, open the oil cover, if there is a stock of smoke emerging from the oil cover, said the next smoke, serious smoke, indicating that the piston, cylinder liner, piston rings and other parts of the serious wear and tear.
Open the valve chamber cover, if there is a trace of blue or white smoke emerging from the valve root (valve working face), said smoking, smoking is serious, indicating that the valve or valve seat wear serious or ablation, or valve clearance Too small or even no gaps. By observing the smoking situation, you can directly see which valve or cylinder is leaking and repair it in time.
2, see coke, check conditions
The carbon deposit of the diesel engine exhaust port is dark gray, the surface is covered with a layer of white frost, and the carbon deposit layer is extremely thin, indicating that the diesel engine is in good working condition. Carbon black color, but not wet, indicating that the diesel engine slightly burned oil, should be promptly removed; a cylinder exhaust thickness is significantly higher than the other cylinder exhaust port, indicating that the cylinder injector malfunction or cylinder seal Deterioration should be repaired or replaced; individual exhaust outlets moist or organic oil, indicating that the cylinder a large number of rows of oil, should be repaired; each cylinder vents are thick carbon layer, and the color darker, more The operating temperature is too low, or the fuel injection is too late, and the diesel fuel burns seriously. It should be used correctly and adjusted in time.
3, see the water temperature, check the cooling system
If the temperature of the cooling system is too high (more than 100°C) when the engine is operating, it may indicate that the cooling water in the engine cooling chamber is too thick or the relevant components of the cooling system (thermostat, water pump, fan, etc.) are inefficient or fail.
4, see the valve timing, check the valve phase
After long-term operation of the engine, the timing gears, cam surfaces, follower posts, and tappets will wear out, causing the opening and closing timings of the intake and exhaust valves to be delayed backwards and deviating from the optimal phase of the gas distributor, which will reduce the efficiency of gas charging. The engine power drops. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly check the phase of the engine's gas distribution. If it does not meet the requirements, it should be adjusted in time.
5, see fuel injection, check stuck
Injection pump injection should not be biased, not drip, even oil mist, a reasonable range, can hear the sound of "bashing, flapping" sound, touch the high-pressure tubing feel pulse. Good fuel injection does not completely explain the oil line parts without problems. Therefore, it is also necessary to check whether the supply rod and the fork are stuck or loose.
6, see the ignition, check sooner or later
Look at the ignition is to check whether the injection timing, that is, whether the fuel supply advance angle meets the requirements. If the oil supply is too late (small advance angle), then the diesel engine is difficult to start, the combustion is incomplete, the exhaust gas is smoked, the engine temperature is too high, and the power is insufficient; if the fuel supply is too early (the advance angle is too large), the diesel engine will knock when working. Slamming, easy to damage parts, easy to reverse when starting, but also shadow. Power to the engine.
7, see the compression force, check leak
Take the S195 diesel engine as an example. The method of checking the compression force is to crank the crankshaft without decompression. When it is shaken until the compression force is large, shake it upwards again. Loosen the handle but do not leave the handle. At this time, if there is a great rebound force, it means that the compression force is good; otherwise, it shows that the compression force is poor.
The reason for the poor sealing performance of the cylinder is that the valve has no clearance or the clearance is too small, the clearance between the piston and the cylinder sleeve and the end face of the piston ring is too large, and the ring groove deposits carbon. When the engine is working, if there is a “puff†sound when it is close to the air filter, the leak is related to the valve. At this point, the cause of the failure can be confirmed by the combination of smoking conditions.
8, see smoke, check smoke color
When the engine is working normally, it usually does not smoke or smoke some light gray smoke, sometimes it is difficult to see with the naked eye. If black smoke is emitted, it indicates that the cylinder contains less oil and less combustion, and if the blue smoke is emitted, the wear gap between the cylinder liner and the piston, the valve, and the valve guide is too large. If white smoke is emitted, the fuel is mixed with water. , Or diesel fuel is not completely burned, and it emerges from the exhaust pipe after gasification.
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