In recent years, with the promotion of off-season tomato cultivation, especially the promotion of high-altitude tomato, the cultivation area of ​​hard-fruit tomato has increased year by year. However, the hard-fruit tomato has tall plants and is flourishing. If the plants are not properly adjusted, it is easy to appear in the field, and the contradiction between the branches and the fruits competing for nutrients is prominent, which ultimately leads to a reduction in production. Therefore, adjustment of hard fruit tomato plants is particularly important.
First, pruning at the right time. Generally, a single-rod pruning is used, and only one trunk is left for each plant, and all the side branches are successively removed (snoring). The leaves on the upper side branches can be photosynthesized to produce nutrients for transport to the roots. Shortly after colonization, the apical branch of the base of the tomato can be removed from the center of the heart when it is 8-10 cm long. However, the lateral branches cannot grow too large, so as to avoid the waste of nutrients and pruning to cause large wounds. Plants with weak growth should be beaten at night, and they can be snored after flowering; if they grow too much, they can fight early to suppress growth. Snoring is best done on a sunny morning to facilitate early healing of the wound. If you snoring on a rainy day or when there is dew, it is easy to cause invasion of the bacteria and the wound is perishable. The removed leaves should be deeply buried or burned to prevent the spread of germs. However, in the hot summer, it is necessary to leave as many side branches as possible to grow the side branches to 10-15 cm. Because of the leaves on the side branches, transpiration can be performed to reduce the body temperature of the plants.
Second, topping the leaves. After the main branch leaves 6-7 spikes, go to the top of the heart. When the fruit of the first ear is like the size of an egg, 1-2 leaves may be left under the first ear, and the remaining leaves may be removed. Tomato leaves usually lose their photosynthetic function after more than 60 days, no longer produce nutrients, but also consume nutrients, so it is necessary to constantly remove old leaves and old leaves with a life span of more than 60 days. After the number of spikes is reached, 2-3 leaves are topped in the upper part of the last spike. These 2-3 leaves are the functional leaves of the lower ear, which produce nutrients for the lower ear and promote the fruit to expand. If the top of the last ear is directly topped, leaving no leaves, the last ear will ripen in advance, but the weight will be very light.
Third, thinning flowers and fruit. If there are more flowers and more fruits, the fruit is small and the quality is not high. In particular, the standard for exporting tomatoes is that the single fruit is important to reach 180-200 grams. If there are too many fruits left, then each fruit will grow little and it will be cheaper to sell domestically. The flower thinning and fruit thinning should first remove the deformed flower and the deformed fruit, and then remove the inflorescence, the late-developed flower, small fruit and stiff fruit, so that the nutrient concentrates to supply the normal fruit at the base of the ear. Hard fruit-type tomatoes generally leave 3-4 fruits in the first ear, leaving less than 1-2 fruits, which is beneficial to the transfer of some nutrients to the roots, laying a good foundation for high yield. Starting from the second ear, 4-5 fruits per ear are left.
Fourth, the anti-ear is pressed. 4-5 fruits per tomato, about 200 grams per tomato, and about 800-1000 grams per ear. Because the fruit is heavy, it is easy to bend the fruit and prevent the conduction of nutrients, which will have a serious impact on the yield. In order to prevent the ear from being crushed, we can bind the ear to the stalk with a plastic rope at the beginning of the tomato setting to prevent the ear from being bent.
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