As of February 15 this year, a total of 16 provinces in the country had reported cases of H7N9 bird flu. The Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention issued a message on the 16th, introducing "What is H7N9" and "How to prevent H7N9 infection."
What is H7N9?
According to the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, H7N9 is a Class B infectious disease. It is an acute respiratory infection caused by the bird flu virus and has a high mortality rate. According to existing research data, as of now, the pathogenic characteristics, transmission route and transmission mode of the virus have not changed significantly, and birds carrying viruses and their excreta and secretions may still be the main source of infection of the H7N9 virus.
At present, there are widespread market transactions in China's urban and rural live poultry markets. Poultry farming is difficult to eliminate in the short term. The bird-borne virus has not yet been eliminated. In view of this, it is expected that H7N9 cases will still appear in the future, and the epidemic is still mainly distributed, and there will be a small amount of clustering.
How to prevent H7N9 infection in daily life?
According to reports, to prevent H7N9, the most important thing is to reduce exposure, do good personal protection, and develop good hygiene habits.
Avoid contact with livestock in daily life; buy chilled poultry meat from formal sources, fully cook poultry meat and eggs, and pay attention to raw and cooked food; try to avoid contact with wild birds or enter wild bird habitat; play in farmhouse music Pay attention to keep away from the slaughterhouses of poultry, wash your hands frequently, and pay attention to personal hygiene; avoid going to crowded, air-polluted places, and especially avoid going to the markets where there are live-bird trades; properly eating and eating, ensuring adequate nutrition and sleep; and adding or subtracting clothes in due course; Take part in outdoor sports activities.
How do people with close contact with poultry prevent H7N9?
There is currently evidence that exposure to live and live poultry markets is an important risk factor for H7N9 infection. The poultry and their excreta and secretions carrying the virus through the respiratory tract or direct contact may be the main route of transmission of the H7N9 virus.
The infection is mainly through the following routes: inhalation of droplets or droplets containing bird flu virus; direct contact with bird flu virus-infected birds or their secretions and excreta; and indirect exposure to items and environments contaminated with bird flu virus.
How do people who are in close contact with poultry, such as poultry enthusiasts, poultry workers, and poultry processors, prevent H7N9? The Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention has introduced this.
1. How should poultry lovers prevent H7N9?
Strengthen feeding and management, improve the resistance of poultry; pay attention to the cleanliness of cages; ensure the ventilation of cages; pay attention to hygiene and pay attention to daily disinfection in lofts and bird cages.
Keep birds in your home and avoid contact with wild birds. Once contacted, the bird cages should be sterilized in a timely manner, and if necessary, they should also be sent to the animal epidemic prevention department for epidemic prevention.
When you raise birds or watch birds, avoid contact with birds and their droppings as much as possible. Wear gloves when handling their excreta. After touching them or their excrement, you must thoroughly clean your hands with soap and water.
In the process of bird watching, no dead birds are killed and wild birds are not eaten.
2. How should poultry workers prevent H7N9?
In the process of working in contact with poultry, protective clothing, masks, and gloves should be worn to ensure personal protection and reduce direct contact with poultry.
When cleaning poultry houses, the cleaning and disinfection procedures must be strictly followed; after cleaning, thorough hand washing and disinfection should be performed; when the body is exposed to poultry dirt, it must be thoroughly cleaned.
When a sick or dead bird is found, it shall promptly notify the local animal quarantine department.
When fever, cough, sore throat, general malaise and other symptoms occur, they should wear masks, go to fever clinics as soon as possible to seek medical treatment, and proactively report the doctor's own occupation and history before the onset of the disease.
Maintain frequent hand washing, indoor ventilation, attention to nutrition, ensure adequate sleep and rest, and enhance physical activity.
3. How can poultry processing personnel prevent H7N9?
Frequent cleaning and disinfection of all benches, equipment, and utensils used for poultry preparation and frequent hand washing.
Deal with poultry meat to separate raw and cooked. In particular, some vessels and containers should also be separated from each other.
To ensure that the food is cooked to the proper temperature, the bird flu virus is generally sensitive to heat and has strong resistance to low temperatures. It can be inactivated by heating at 65°C for 30 minutes or boiling (100°C) for more than 2 minutes, fully cooked poultry/pork, etc. It is edible. However, the virus can live for 1 week at a relatively low temperature, and it can remain viable for more than 1 year in water at 4°C or in the presence of glycerol.
It is advisable to wear gloves when handling damaged meat.
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