In the summer, it is the period of frequent disease occurrence of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. If it is not prevented and controlled in time, it will bring adverse effects to the increase of production and increase of income of medicinal materials. The five kinds of disease symptoms and prevention methods that are more likely to occur in the midsummer are described below:
Root rot disease often occurs in medicinal herbs planted on hot, humid, low-lying plots. It mainly damages the roots, causing some or all of the roots to discolor and rot, and the tissues are damaged. The stems and leaves also droop and dry out because the roots cannot supply moisture. The disease-prone species include Atractylodes macrocephala, Fritillaria, peony, Lily, Rehmannia, Scrophulariaceae, heterophylla, Radix isatidis, Achyranthes bidentata, safflower, and Dangshen. Control methods: (1) implement crop rotation; (2) choose well-drained land for planting; (3) turn dry soil before planting; (4) use 5% limestone to water the root at the beginning of disease, or use 1% ferrous sulfate in the disease disinfection.
Leaf spot disease occurs at high temperatures, poor field ventilation, and weak plant growth. Mainly formed in the leaves of various shapes of the spots, the color is mostly yellow-brown or purple, the latter lesions expand to connect each other into pieces, resulting in leaves dry off, some spots will appear moldy. Varieties susceptible to this disease include white peony, Campanulaceae, Atractylodes macrocephala, chrysanthemum, honeysuckle, peppermint, papaya, alfalfa and yam. Control methods: (1) Rotation; (2) Seed and seedlings were sterilized with 50% carbendazim or 65% zeocin 600 to 1000 times; (3) Sprayed leaves with 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture at the beginning of the disease. , Every 7 to 10 days, even spray 2 to 3 times.
Blight is easy to occur in shady wetlands where under-fertilized fertilizer is applied. The incidence of seedlings is more, and after infection, yellowish-brown lesions appear at the base of the young stems near the soil surface, or the bases all discolor, shrink, and dry, and the upper branches and leaves are dying and falling down. The varieties that are prone to this disease include ginseng, American ginseng, Adenophos, Panax notoginseng, Nepeta, wind-proof, astragalus, chrysanthemum, Eucommia ulmoides and so on. Control methods: (1) Rotation; (2) Reasonable planting density; (3) Spraying with 1000 times solution of TB wettable powder at the beginning of the disease, or spreading on the stem base with the above-mentioned pesticide mixed soil, spreading every 10 days 1 time.
The disease is prone to rust, rainy, moldy seasons and soil moisture, plant growth and tender fields. Yellow or dark brown spots appeared on stems and leaves at the time of onset, and later lesions bulged, the epidermis was broken, and yellow or brown powder was scattered. The lesions were broken and perforated, and the leaves died. Varieties susceptible to this disease include Panax notoginseng, Yuanhu, Atractylodes macrocephala, Angelica, Angelica, Codonopsis, Radix Astragali, Honeysuckle, White Kidney Beans, and Safflower. Prevention methods: (1) Drain and drainage in time in the rainy season to prevent the accumulation of water in the field; (2) Spray 97% of enemy rust sodium 400 times or Baume 0.3 degree lime sulfur in the early stage of disease; (3) Remove diseased leaves and concentrate burn .
Smut powder, also known as smut, occurs at high temperatures and dry periods. Stems, leaves and ears can infect the disease. After onset, the stems and leaves were bent and deformed to form small nodules. There were white tunica albuginea on the outside and later ruptured and black powder was scattered. If the ear is infected with the disease, no knots are formed. The varieties that are prone to this disease include Yuren, Wang Weiju, Dazhezi, Plantago, and Cassia. Control methods: (1) rotation; (2) seed disinfection with 20% triadimefon or 50% carbendazim soaking; (3) timely removal of the diseased plants and central burning.
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